Fig. 4.

MSC spreading and adhesion on different ECM-modified substrates. MSCs were seeded onto different ECM-modified substrates for 3 ​h, followed by actin and vinculin staining. Cells on untreated TCP surfaces were set as a control. (A), Representative images of actin and vinculin staining. Actin (yellow), vinculin (purple), and DAPI (blue). The scale bar is 50 ​μm. (B), Representative images of thresholded binary images were obtained from analysis of the vinculin staining, highlighting the presence of mature exterior focal adhesions. The scale bar is 50 ​μm. (C), Cell area analysis based on the cellular actin staining images. (D), Average focal adhesion area analysis based on the cellular vinculin staining images. (E), Average focal adhesion length analysis based on the cellular vinculin staining images. Each shape represents a different donor, each small shape represents each cell measured, and each large shape represents the mean from each donor. The scatter plot shows mean values and standard deviation; box plots show the median and min/max, and the red lines in box plots represent the mean values and standard error of the mean. MSCs from 3 donors and n ​≥ ​10 ​cells/donor. Ordinary two-way ANOVA with Tukey's test for multiple comparisons. ∗p ​< ​0.05, ∗∗p ​< ​0.01, ∗∗∗p ​< ​0.001, ∗∗∗∗p ​< ​0.0001. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)