Table 2.
Associations between body fat distribution and blood-based biomarker levels
| Body fat distribution | Biomarker | Adjusted modela | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| β | CI | P | ||
| Elevated (≥ 52 mm) vs. normal (< 52 mm) visceral fat depth | LEP | 0.00 | − 0.23 to 0.23 | 0.997 |
| PTX3 | − 0.18 | − 0.26 to − 0.02 | 0.026 | |
| VEGFD | − 0.08 | − 0.23 to 0.07 | 0.288 | |
| Elevated (≥ 22 mm) vs. normal (< 22 mm) subcutaneous fat depth | FGF-21 | 0.19 | 0.03 to 1.27 | 0.039 |
| LEP | 0.07 | − 0.14 to 0.37 | 0.391 | |
| LPL | − 0.21 | − 0.40 to − 0.03 | 0.022 | |
| MMP-12 | − 0.13 | − 0.47 to 0.07 | 0.154 | |
| RAGE | − 0.07 | − 0.21 to 0.10 | 0.453 | |
| VEGFD | − 0.09 | − 0.25 to 0.08 | 0.308 | |
| XCL1 | − 0.26 | − 0.51 to − 0.10 | 0.004 | |
Data are B coefficients (β) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the change in outcome depending on body fat distribution. Significant results are in bold
FGF-21 fibroblast growth factor 21, LEP leptin, LPL lipoprotein lipase, MMP-12 matrix metalloproteinase-12, PTX3 pentraxin-related protein PTX3, RAGE receptor for advanced glycosylation end products, VEGFD vascular endothelial growth factor D, XCL1 lymphotactin
aAdjustments were made for maternal age, parity, and early pregnancy BMI