Table II.
Clinical characteristics and preoperative HbA1C for patients undergoing elective potentially curative resection for colon cancer.
| Preoperative HbA1C, mmol/mol | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||||
| Characteristics | Total (%) | <42 | 42-48 | >48 | P-valuea |
| Age, years | 362 | 69 (19) | 86 (24) | 207 (57) | 0.051 |
| <65 | 80 (22) | 16 (23) | 12 (14) | 52 (25) | |
| 65-74 | 154 (43) | 22 (32) | 40 (47) | 92 (45) | |
| ≥75 | 128 (35) | 31 (45) | 34 (39) | 63 (30) | |
| Sex | 362 | 69 (19) | 86 (24) | 207 (57) | 0.179 |
| Male | 209 (58) | 33 (48) | 52 (61) | 124 (60) | |
| Female | 153 (42) | 36 (52) | 34 (39) | 83 (40) | |
| ASA | 345 | 66 (19) | 85 (25) | 194 (56) | 0.294b |
| 1 | 2 (3) | 2 (2) | 2 (2) | 12 (6) | |
| 2 | 32 (49) | 32 (38) | 32 (38) | 95 (49) | |
| 3 | 29 (44) | 48 (57) | 48 (57) | 79 (41) | |
| 4 | 3 (4) | 3 (3) | 3 (3) | 8 (4) | |
| SIMD | 362 | 69 (19) | 86 (24) | 207 (57) | 0.87 |
| Most deprived | 113 (31) | 22 (32) | 28 (32) | 63 (30) | |
| 2 | 82 (23) | 18 (27) | 16 (19) | 48 (23) | |
| 3 | 63 (17) | 8 (11) | 18 (21) | 37 (18) | |
| 4 | 47 (13) | 8 (11) | 12 (14) | 27 (13) | |
| Least deprived | 57 (18) | 13 (19) | 12 (14) | 32 (16) | |
| BMI | 255 | 41 (16) | 57 (22) | 157 (62) | 0.032 |
| <25 | 41 (16) | 13 (32) | 4 (7) | 24 (15) | |
| 25-29.9 | 79 (31) | 7 (17) | 19 (33) | 53 (34) | |
| 30-34.9 | 78 (31) | 14 (34) | 20 (35) | 44 (28) | |
| ≥35 | 57 (22) | 7 (17) | 14 (25) | 36 (23) | |
| Diabetes | 362 | 69 (19) | 86 (24) | 207 (57) | <0.001 |
| No | 47 (13) | 19 (28) | 11 (13) | 17 (8) | |
| Yes | 315 (87) | 50 (72) | 75 (87) | 190 (92) | |
| Type of diabetic control | 306 | 47 (15) | 72 (24) | 187 (61) | <0.001b |
| Diet | 89 (29) | 28 (60) | 25 (35) | 36 (19) | |
| Oral antihyperglycaemic medication (Metformin/Sulphonylurea) | 181 (59) | 17 (36) | 45 (63) | 119 (64) | |
| Insulin | 21 (7) | 0 (0) | 2 (3) | 19 (10) | |
| Insulin + oral antihyperglycaemic medication | 15 (5) | 2 (4) | 0 (0) | 13 (7) | |
| Metformin | 306 | 47 (15) | 72 (24) | 187 (61) | 0.101 |
| No | 139 (45) | 28 (60) | 32 (44) | 79 (42) | |
| Yes | 167 (55) | 19 (40) | 40 (56) | 108 (28) | |
| Sulphonylurea | 306 | 47 (15) | 72 (24) | 187 (61) | 0.055 |
| No | 218 (71) | 40 (85) | 52 (72) | 126 (67) | |
| Yes | 88 (29) | 7 (15) | 20 (28) | 61 (33) | |
| Smoking status | 346 | 63 (18) | 83 (24) | 200 (58) | 0.001 |
| Non-smoker | 155 (45) | 27 (43) | 36 (43) | 92 (46) | |
| Ex-smoker | 159 (46) | 22 (35) | 44 (53) | 93 (47) | |
| Smoker | 32 (9) | 14 (22) | 3 (4) | 15 (7) | |
| Tumour location | 359 | 68 (19) | 86 (24) | 205 (57) | 0.173 |
| Right | 207 (58) | 45 (66) | 44 (51) | 118 (58) | |
| Left | 152 (42) | 23 (34) | 42 (49) | 87 (42) | |
| TNM | 362 | 69 (19) | 86 (24) | 207 (57) | 0.06 |
| I | 81 (22) | 17 (25) | 16 (19) | 48 (23) | |
| II | 139 (38) | 35 (50) | 33 (38) | 71 (34) | |
| III | 142 (39) | 17 (25) | 37 (43) | 88 (43) | |
| Preop SIG | 226 | 46 (20) | 62 (27) | 118 (52) | 0.988b |
| 0 | 89 (39) | 17 (37) | 26 (42) | 46 (39) | |
| 1 | 59 (26) | 12 (26) | 16 (26) | 31 (26) | |
| 2 | 44 (20) | 8 (17) | 13 (21) | 23 (20) | |
| 3 | 21 (9) | 6 (13) | 4 (7) | 11 (9) | |
| 4 | 13 (6) | 3 (7) | 3 (5) | 7 (6) | |
| Procedure | 360 | 69 (19) | 86 (24) | 206 (57) | 0.066 |
| Laparoscopic | 236 (66) | 37 (54) | 59 (69) | 140 (68) | |
| Open or converted | 124 (34) | 32 (46) | 26 (31) | 66 (32) | |
| SFI | 316 | 63 (20) | 76 (24) | 177 (56) | 0.637 |
| Normal | 38 (12) | 9 (14) | 7 (9) | 22 (12) | |
| High | 278 (88) | 54 (86) | 69 (91) | 155 (88) | |
| VFA | 346 | 68 (20) | 82 (24) | 196 (56) | 0.002 |
| Normal | 30 (9) | 13 (19) | 3 (4) | 14 (7) | |
| High | 316 (91) | 55 (81) | 79 (96) | 182 (93) | |
| SMI | 244 | 40 (16) | 56 (23) | 148 (61) | 0.044 |
| Normal | 124 (51) | 19 (48) | 21 (37) | 84 (57) | |
| Low | 120 (49) | 21 (52) | 35 (64) | 64 (43) | |
| SMD | 244 | 40 (16) | 56 (23) | 148 (61) | 0.397 |
| Normal | 62 (25) | 9 (23) | 11 (20) | 42 (28) | |
| Low | 182 (75) | 31 (78) | 45 (80) | 106 (72) | |
| All complications | 289 | 56 (19) | 58 (24) | 165 (57) | 0.14 |
| No | 134 (46) | 27 (48) | 38 (56) | 69 (42) | |
| Yes | 155 (54) | 29 (52) | 30 (44) | 96 (58) | |
| Infective complication | 289 | 56 (19) | 68 (24) | 165 (57) | 0.084 |
| No | 174 (60) | 40 (71) | 43 (63) | 91 (55) | |
| Yes | 115 (40) | 16 (29) | 25 (37) | 74 (45) | |
| Surgical site infections | 289 | 56 (19) | 68 (24) | 165 (57) | 0.049 |
| No | 205 (71) | 47 (84) | 48 (71) | 110 (67) | |
| Yes | 84 (29) | 9 (16) | 20 (29) | 55 (33) | |
| Wound infection | 289 | 56 (19) | 68 (24) | 165 (57) | 0.041b |
| No | 231 (80) | 51 (91) | 55 (81) | 125 (76) | |
| Yes | 58 (20) | 5 (9) | 13 (19) | 40 (24) | |
| Abdominal collection | 289 | 56 (19) | 68 (24) | 165 (57) | 0.449b |
| No | 275 (95) | 52 (93) | 64 (94) | 159 (96) | |
| Yes | 14 (5) | 4 (7) | 4 (6) | 6 (4) | |
| Anastomotic leak | 289 | 56 (19) | 68 (24) | 165 (57) | 0.103b |
| No | 268 (93) | 55 (98) | 60 (88) | 153 (93) | |
| Yes | 21 (7) | 1 (2) | 8 (12) | 12 (7) | |
| 30-day mortality | 362 | 69 (19) | 86 (24) | 207 (57) | 0.447b |
| No | 67 (97) | 81 (94) | 201 (97) | 349 (96) | |
| Yes | 2 (3) | 5 (6) | 6 (3) | 13 (4) | |
ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; BMI, body mass index; SIMD, Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation; TNM, tumour, nodal and metastasis; SIG, systemic inflammatory grade; SFI, subcutaneous fat index; VFA, visceral fat area; SMI, skeletal muscle index; SMD, skeletal muscle density.
a
P-value calculated using Chi-squared analysis except forb
b
P-value calculated using Fisher's exact test.