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. 2022 Jul 22;13:915575. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.915575

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Copyright © 2022 Zhang, Nie, Gong, Zhu, Qiu and Wang

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Multiple-variable ordered logistic model showing (A) apoC-II/apoC-III and apoE/apoc-II contribute to DM and DR associated with DM duration, fasting glucose, hemoglobin, and lipoprotein a; apoA-II is a protector for DM and DR (when was considered as an independent variable). (B) Multiple-variable ordered logistic model showing apoC-II/apoC-III and apoE/apoc-II contribute to DM and DR associated with DM duration, fasting glucose, hemoglobin and lipoprotein (a; apoA-II is a protector for DM and DR when AI was considered as an independent variable). The histograms on the right side represent the data distribution of LPA (mg/dl). *Statistically significant: p ≤ 0.05. **Statistically significant: p ≤ 0.001. DM, diabetes mellitus; apo, apolipoprotein; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin, LPA, lipoprotein a. API: LDL-C/HDL-C; AI: (TC-HDL-C)/HDL-C.