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Diagram of possible neural circuits and molecules for postoperative cognitive dysfunction. PFC: prefrontal cortex, HIP: hippocampus, LHb: Lateral habenula, CHOP: CCAAT‐enhancer‐binding protein homologous protein, DA: Dopamine, ER: endoplasmic reticulum, NMDAR: N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptors, POCD: postoperative cognitive dysfunction, VTA: ventral tegmental area, XBP1s: X‐box binding protein 1.
