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. 2022 Feb 8;79(16):1345–1354. doi: 10.1093/ajhp/zxac035

Table 2.

Definition of Candidate Predictors of Machine Learning Input Features

Category Input Feature Rationale for Inclusion in Testing
Timing Late wasting Wasting and administration delays could provide time for substitution or tampering. Late was defined as more than 4 hours after dispense.
Late administration
Quantity No administration Failure to chart the total amount administered, wasted, and/or returned could be diversion. Wasting the full dose, or simultaneous wasting from multiple doses in bulk could indicate falsification of wasting records.
Partial administration
Partial waste/return
Full wasting
Bulk wasting
Practice Handoffs Gaps in chain of custody could provide opportunities for substitution or tampering. Administering medications in the wrong order or charting the wrong medication could indicate falsification of administration records.
Incorrect order
Incorrect medication