Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study participants according to H-type hypertension status.
| Characteristics | Total |
Essential hypertension |
H-type hypertension |
χ2/Z | P –value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI, n (%) | 75.6 | <0.001 | |||
| <18.5 kg/m2 | 85 (5.3) | 45 (7.0) | 40 (4.1) | ||
| 18.5–23.9 kg/m2 | 915 (57.3) | 439 (68.4) | 476 (49.8) | ||
| ≥24.0 kg/m2 | 597 (37.4) | 158 (24.6) | 439 (45.9) | ||
| Education background, n (%) | 17.9 | <0.001 | |||
| Primary school and below | 454 (28.4) | 147 (22.9) | 307 (32.2) | ||
| Junior school | 526 (32.9) | 224 (34.9) | 302 (31.6) | ||
| Senior school | 421 (26.4) | 192 (29.9) | 229 (23.9) | ||
| College and above | 196 (12.3) | 79 (12.3) | 117 (12.3) | ||
| Marital status, n (%) | 68.3 | <0.001 | |||
| Single | 228 (14.3) | 35 (5.4) | 193 (20.2) | ||
| Married | 1,369 (85.7) | 607 (94.5) | 762 (79.8) | ||
| Exercise, n (%) | 48.9 | <0.001 | |||
| No exercise | 672 (42.1) | 210 (32.7) | 462 (48.4) | ||
| Irregular exercise | 482 (30.2) | 249 (38.8) | 233 (24.4) | ||
| Regular exercise | 443 (27.7) | 183 (28.5) | 260 (27.2) | ||
| Smoking history, n (%) | 4.5 | 0.037 | |||
| Never smokes | 1,506 (94.0) | 615 (95.8) | 891 (93.3) | ||
| Current or former smokers | 91 (6.0) | 27 (4.2) | 64 (6.7) | ||
| Drinking history, n (%) | 5.1 | 0.023 | |||
| No | 1,542 (96.6) | 628 (97.8) | 914 (95.7) | ||
| Yes | 55 (3.4) | 14 (2.2) | 41 (4.3) | ||
| BFP, n (%) | 192.5 | <0.001 | |||
| Q1 | 397 (24.9) | 247 (38.5) | 150 (15.7) | ||
| Q2 | 401 (25.1) | 197 (30.7) | 204 (21.4) | ||
| Q3 | 399 (24.9) | 130 (20.3) | 269 (28.2) | ||
| Q4 | 400 (25.1) | 68 (10.5) | 332 (34.7) | ||
| Age (years) | 63.1 ± 9.5 | 58.5 ± 7.2 | 66.2 ± 9.6 | −18.2 | <0.001 |
| WC (cm), mean ± SD | 85.0 ± 27.3 | 83.3 ± 9.7 | 86.2 ± 34.5 | −2.4 | 0.016 |
| TG (mmol/L), mean ± SD | 1.6 ± 0.7 | 1.5 ± 0.7 | 1.6 ± 0.7 | −2.8 | 0.004 |
| TC (mmol/L), mean ± SD | 4.6 ± 1.0 | 4.5 ± 1.0 | 4.5 ± 1.0 | −0.4 | 0.719 |
| LDL (mmol/L), mean ± SD | 2.7 ± 0.9 | 2.6 ± 0. | 2.7 ± 0.8 | −2.2 | 0.026 |
| HDL (mmol/L), mean ± SD | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | −0.5 | 0.625 |
| ALT (U/L), mean ± SD | 19.2 ± 10.7 | 19.2 ± 10.4 | 19.1 ± 10.8 | 0.02 | 0.987 |
| Scr (μmol/L), mean ± SD | 60.9 ± 13.7 | 55.5 ± 11.7 | 64.4 ± 13.8 | −13.8 | <0.001 |
| BUN (mmol/L), mean ± SD | 5.5 ± 1.7 | 5.2 ± 1.2 | 5.71 ± 1.8 | −6.2 | <0.001 |
| eGFR (ml/min), mean ± SD | 89.3 ± 18.5 | 96.7 ± 13.5 | 84.4 ± 19.7 | −17.7 | <0.001 |