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. 2022 Jul 22;9:947778. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.947778

FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 1

Cardiac function decline and left ventricle remodeling with aging in healthy participants. (A) BPM of five groups. (B) CO of five groups. (C) CI of five groups. (D) E′ wave/A′ wave ratios of five groups. (E) E′ wave/e' ratios of five groups. (F) e' of five groups. (G) LAVI of five groups. (H) LVID of five groups. (I) IVS of five groups. (J) LVAW of five groups. (K) LVPW of five groups. Results are means ± SEM. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. BPM: beat per minute. CO: cardiac output. CI: cardiac index. E’ wave: maximum flow velocity of mitral valve in early diastole. A’ wave: maximum flow velocity of mitral valve in late diastole. e’: mean diastolic velocity of mitral annulus in diastole. LAVI: left atrial volume index. LVID: left ventricular internal dimension. IVS: interventricular septum. LVAW: left ventricular anterior wall. LVPW: left ventricular posterior wall.