Table 3.
Overview of virulence-associated genes among the collected V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus isolates.
| Area | V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 | V. parahaemolyticus | V. vulnificus | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ctx | trh1 | trh2 | tdh | cap/wcv | vcgC | 16S rRNA-type B | |
| North Sea | 0% (n = 0 of 7) |
7% (n = 8 of 119) |
18% (n = 21 of 119) |
0% (n = 0 of 119) |
28% (n = 5 of 18) |
11% (n = 2 of 18) |
17% (n = 3 of 18) |
| Baltic Sea | 0% (n = 0 of 27) |
6% (n = 3 of 53) |
9% (n = 5 of 53) |
0% (n = 0 of 53) |
18% (n = 9 of 85) |
0% (n = 0 of 85) |
55% (n = 27 of 85) |
ctx, cholera toxin gene (ctx); trh1 and trh2, TDH-related hemolysin gene variant 1 and 2; tdh, thermostable direct hemolysin gene; vcgC, virulence correlated gene; 16S rRNA type B, gene variant for clinical V. vulnificus; cap/wcv, gene involved in capsular polysaccharide expression.