Table 2.
Subgroup analysis of the HOMA-IR outcome.
| Subgroup analyses | No. of trial | WMD | 95% CI | p | p; I2 | Effect model | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singly-used flavonoids or flavonoid-containing mixtures | Singly-used flavonoids | 14 | -0.08 | -0.20 to 0.05 | 0.240 | 0.116; 32.4% | FE |
| Flavonoid-containing mixtures | 9 | -0.25 | -0.43 to -0.06 | 0.008 | 0.143; 34.3% | FE | |
| Principal subclasses of flavonoids | Isoflavones | 4 | 0.29 | -0.04 to 0.62 | 0.082 | 0.937; 0.0% | FE |
| Flavan-3-ols | 12 | -0.15 | -0.31 to -0.00 | 0.049 | 0.155; 29.7% | FE | |
| Flavonols | 2 | -0.12 | -0.55 to 0.30 | 0.568 | 0.103; 62.3% | RE | |
| Flavanones | 2 | -0.03 | -0.33 to 0.27 | 0.821 | 0.572; 0.0% | FE | |
| Multiple subclasses | 3 | -0.46 | -0.80 to -0.12 | 0.008 | 0.154; 46.6% | FE | |
| Duration | < 12 weeks | 7 | -0.26 | -0.48 to -0.03 | 0.025 | 0.077; 47.4% | FE |
| >= 12 weeks | 16 | -0.10 | -0.21 to 0.02 | 0.105 | 0.146; 27.6% | FE | |
| Route of administration | Taking capsules | 18 | -0.12 | -0.23 to -0.00 | 0.045 | 0.043; 39.7% | FE |
| Taking pills | 1 | -0.30 | -0.69 to 0.09 | 0.127 | / | FE | |
| Drinking beverage | 4 | -0.14 | -0.51 to 0.23 | 0.456 | 0.199; 35.6% | FE | |
WMD, weighted mean difference; CI, confidence interval; FE, fixed-effects model; RE, random-effects model.