Table 1.
Definition of neurological complications/manifestations.
| Neurological complication | Definition |
|---|---|
| Central nervous system | |
| Ischemic stroke (23) | Neurological deficit due to an acute focal injury in the central nervous system caused by vascular involvement such as occlusion and cerebral infarction. |
| Intracranial hemorrhage (23, 24) | Bleeding that occurs inside the skull. Hemorrhagic stroke: neurological deficit due to an acute focal injury in the central nervous system caused by vascular involvement with intracerebral or subarachnoid hemorrhage. Subdural hematoma: collection of blood under the dura mater. |
| Encephalitis/meningitis (25) | Severe inflammatory disorder of the brain or meninges or parenchyma. |
| Transverse myelitis and other spinal cord pathologies (26) | Inflammatory disorder with acute or subacute motor-sensory and autonomic spinal cord dysfunction. |
| Epilepsy, seizures, and generalized convulsive status epilepticus (27, 28) | Epilepsy is a disorder of the brain characterized by an enduring predisposition to generate epileptic seizures, and by neurobiological, cognitive, psychological, and social consequences. Seizure is a transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain. Generalized convulsive status epilepticus is defined in adults and children older than 5 years as ≥5 min of (1) continuous seizure or (2) two or more discrete seizures between which there is incomplete recovery of consciousness. |
| Delirium (29) | Acute change in consciousness and attention caused by an organic condition. |
| Peripheral nervous system | |
| Guillain-Barré Syndrome (30) | Inflammatory immune-mediated polyradiculoneuropathy with acute onset that manifests with tingling, progressive weakness, autonomic disfunction and pain. |
| Critical illness myopathy/neuropathy (31) | Neuromuscular weakness in the intensive care setting. |
| Hypogeusia/hyposmia (32) | Quantitative disorders characterized by reduction of taste or smell. |
| Others | |
| Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (33) | Reduction in blood supply, oxygen supply or utilization that determines a decreased oxygen delivery to the brain and post cardiac arrest hypoxic ischemic brain injury (reduction in blood supply, oxygen supply or utilization that determines a decreased oxygen delivery to the brain due to cardiac arrest). |