Table 2.
Burden to patients—mortality.
| Design | Cohort | N | Mortality rate | Risk factors for mortality | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pediatric pts | |||||
| Retrospective analysis of NIS, 2007-2014 | Pediatric pts with cancer hospitalized for FN | 104 315 hospitalizations for FN | 0.8% | Age 15-19 years versus 0-4 years (P = .002) Comorbid infection (mycosis P < .001; meningitis P = .01; pneumonia P < .001; sepsis P < .001) |
Lekshminarayanan et al31 |
| Retrospective analysis of NIS and KID, 2012 | Pediatric (<18 years) and adult (≥18 years) pts with cancer hospitalized for neutropenia | 16 859 pediatric cancer-related hospitalizations for neutropenia | 0.6% | — | Tai et al32 |
| Retrospective analysis of Californian OSHPD database, 1983-2011 | Pediatric pts (<18 years) with cancer hospitalized for FN | 24 559 discharges | 3.0% | — | Alvarez et al33 |
| Cross-sectional analysis of KID, 2012 | Pediatric pts with cancer admitted for FN | 120 675 hospital discharges among pediatric pts with cancer | 0.5% | — | Mueller et al34 |
| Cross-sectional analysis of KID, 2009 | Pediatric pts with cancer admitted for FN | 110 967 hospital discharges among pediatric pts with cancer | 0.4% | — | Mueller et al35 |
| Adult and elderly pts | |||||
| Retrospective case-control study conducted at the UMHS, 2006-2016 | Elderly pts (≥60 years) diagnosed with AML | 48 elderly pts with AML treated with FLAG 45 elderly pts with AML treated with CLO |
— | Longer duration of neutropenia potentially contributed to a 7-times higher 30-day induction mortality with CLO versus FLAG | Scappaticci et al41 |
| Retrospective analysis of UHC database, 2004-2012 | Adult pts (≥18 years old) with solid tumors hospitalized for FN | 61 086 adult pts with solid tumors hospitalized for FN | 7.0% | Lung cancer versus other solid tumors (P < .0001) Sepsis Pneumonia Infection ICU admission Presence of comorbidities |
Cupp et al42 |
| Retrospective chart review, 2010-2014 | Adult inpatients with hematologic malignancies and FN | 244 FN events in 216 pts | 7.4% | Sepsis Elevated bilirubin |
Butts et al43 |
| Retrospective analysis of NIS, 2009-2011 | Adult pts with breast cancer hospitalized for FN | 26 628 FN hospitalizations | 2.6% | Age ≥65 years versus <65 years (P < .05) | Pathak et al20 |
Abbreviations: AML, acute myeloid leukemia; CLO, clofarabine-based induction; FLAG, fludarabine, cytarabine, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; FN, febrile neutropenia; ICU, intensive care unit; KID, Kids’ Inpatient Database; NIS, National Inpatient Sample; OSHPD, Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development; pts, patients; UHC, University Health Consortium; UMHS, University of Michigan Health System.