Table 2.
Univariate associations between patient characteristics/disease factors/functional deficits and quality of life among patients treated for plasma cell disorders
| Variable | QLQ-C30 global health/QoL score (mean) | SD | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age | |||
| <55 years | 79.2 | 17.2 | (referent) |
| 55-64 years | 72.2 | 22.0 | .35 |
| 65-74 years | 74.6 | 24.0 | .51 |
| 75 years | 73.9 | 22.2 | .47 |
| Race | |||
| White | 72.8 | 23.8 | (referent) |
| Black/African-American | 78.0 | 17.9 | .26 |
| Other | 83.3 | -- | .64 |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 78.9 | 21.0 | |
| Male | 70.4 | 22.7 | .04 |
| Education | |||
| High school or less | 69.0 | 19.0 | |
| Some college or greater | 76.0 | 23.0 | .16 |
| Marital Status | |||
| Married | 72.4 | 24.0 | |
| Not married | 79.2 | 16.4 | .14 |
| Living alone | |||
| Living alone | 77.4 | 16.3 | |
| Not living alone | 73.7 | 22.2 | .47 |
| Disease and treatment | |||
| Diagnosis | |||
| Multiple myeloma | 74.0 | 22.7 | (referent) |
| AL amyloidosis without MM | 72.1 | 21.3 | .73 |
| Other diagnosis | 81.8 | 19.7 | .28 |
| Time since diagnosis | |||
| 0-6 month | 66.7 | 20.8 | (referent) |
| 6-12 months | 83.3 | 20.8 | .049 |
| 1-2 years | 70.5 | 25.1 | .60 |
| >2 years | 77.3 | 21.7 | .033 |
| Current line of therapy | |||
| 1st | 76.0 | 20.2 | (referent) |
| 2nd-3rd | 75.9 | 21.5 | .99 |
| ≥4th line | 62.2 | 29.8 | .04 |
| Current treatment program | |||
| Full intensity induction | 70.7 | 22.4 | .32 |
| Empirically de-intensified regimen | 70.2 | 25.0 | .34 |
| Maintenance program | 80.4 | 17.6 | .84 |
| No current therapy | 78.7 | 28.9 | (referent) |
| Physical function | |||
| Self-reported KPS | |||
| ≥80 | 78.5 | 19.9 | |
| <80 | 55.0 | 22.7 | <.0001 |
| Independently-assessed KPS | |||
| ≥80 | 79.0 | 19.8 | |
| <80 | 58.7 | 24.3 | <.0001 |
| Timed up and go (TUG) | |||
| <14 seconds | 76.3 | 22.7 | |
| ≥14 seconds | 70.1 | 20.5 | .18 |
| IADL score | |||
| <14 | 66.3 | 22.9 | |
| 14 | 79.9 | 18.6 | .001 |
| Falls in the past 6 months | |||
| 0 | 76.8 | 20.8 | |
| 1 or more falls | 56.7 | 24.0 | .001 |
| EORTC C30 physical functioning | |||
| vScore ≥83 | 84.5 | 17.6 | |
| Score <83 (impaired) | 64.0 | 21.8 | <.0001 |
| Psychosocial | |||
| MHI-13 depression | |||
| Not depressed (<12) | 76.7 | 21.2 | |
| Depressed (≥12) | 62.7 | 24.8 | .01 |
| MHI-13 anxiety | |||
| Not anxious (<6) | 75.8 | 22.0 | |
| Anxious (≥6) | 68.9 | 22.5 | .15 |
| QLQ-C30 role functioning | |||
| Score ≥58 | 79.4 | 19.1 | |
| Score <58 (impaired) | 55.6 | 23.3 | <.0001 |
| QLQ-C30 emotional functioning | |||
| Score ≥71 | 75.9 | 22.4 | |
| Score <71 (impaired) | 68.2 | 20.7 | .14 |
| QLQ-C30 social functioning | |||
| Score ≥58 | 78.8 | 19.9 | |
| Score <58 (impaired) | 50.9 | 18.9 | <.0001 |
| QLQ-C30 cognitive functioning | |||
| Score ≥75 | 77.7 | 20.9 | |
| Score <75 (impaired) | 61.2 | 22.6 | .001 |
Abbreviations: QLQ-C30, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life of Cancer Patients Core 30 questionnaire; QoL, quality of life; AL, immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis; MM, multiple myeloma; KPS, Karnofsky Performance Stat us; IADL, instrumental activity of daily living; MHI, Mental Health Index.