Table 2.
Comparison of the predictive ability of the Nomogram model and models constructed in previous studies.
| Model | AUC | AUC (95%CI) | Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) | Precision (%) | Positive predictive value (%) | Negative predictive value (%) | Youden’s index |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Training set | ||||||||
| Nomogram model | 0.99 | 0.97, 1.00 | 97.96 | 93.88 | 95.92 | 94.12 | 97.87 | 0.92 |
| Rhee et al. model | 0.64 | 0.53, 0.76 | 87.76 | 48.98 | 68.37 | 63.24 | 80.00 | 0.37 |
| Aspelund et al. model | 0.70 | 0.59, 0.80 | 83.67 | 51.02 | 67.35 | 63.08 | 75.76 | 0.35 |
| Hippisley-Cox and Coupland model | 0.67 | 0.57, 0.78 | 61.22 | 73.47 | 67.35 | 69.77 | 65.45 | 0.35 |
| Dagliati et al. model | 0.69 | 0.59, 0.80 | 55.10 | 79.59 | 67.35 | 72.97 | 63.93 | 0.35 |
| Testing set | ||||||||
| Nomogram model | 0.99 | 0.96, 1.00 | 95.00 | 100.00 | 97.50 | 100.00 | 95.24 | 0.95 |
| Rhee et al. model | 0.76 | 0.61, 0.92 | 75.00 | 75.00 | 75.00 | 75.00 | 75.00 | 0.50 |
| Aspelund et al. model | 0.73 | 0.57, 0.88 | 55.00 | 80.00 | 67.50 | 73.33 | 64.00 | 0.35 |
| Hippisley-Cox and Coupland model | 0.77 | 0.62, 0.92 | 80.00 | 75.00 | 77.50 | 76.19 | 78.95 | 0.55 |
| Dagliati et al. model | 0.78 | 0.63, 0.92 | 80.00 | 65.00 | 72.50 | 69.57 | 76.47 | 0.45 |
Nomogram model contains thiamine triphosphate, systolic blood pressure, and duration of diabetes; Rhee et al. model contains glutamine/glutamic acid ratio; Aspelund et al. model contains sex, systolic blood pressure, duration of diabetes, and glycated hemoglobin; Hippisley-Cox and Coupland model contains sex, BMI, systolic blood pressure, cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein ratio, and glycated hemoglobin; Dagliati et al. model contains age, sex, duration of diabetes, BMI, glycated hemoglobin, hypertension, and smoking.