Fig. 2.

The inhibitory effects of flavonols on inflammatory responses. RAW 264.7 cells were pretreated with different concentrations of flavonols for 4 h and then induced with LPS (1 μg/ml) for 12 h. The supernatant were used for (A) detection of NO release with Griess reagent and determination of (B) IL-6 and (C) TNF-α with ELISA kits. The cells were collected for analysis of (D, E) iNOS expression by western blotting. Data were mean ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, and ****P < 0.0001 versus LPS, ^####P < 0.0001 versus Control.