Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population
| Variable | Total surveyed children N = 41,640 N (%) |
|---|---|
| Age | |
| 1- < 3 years | 8382 (20%) |
| 3- < 6 years | 12,933 (31%) |
| 6–12 years | 20,324 (49%) |
| Gender | |
| Boys | 21,437 (51.5%) |
| Girls | 20,203 (48.5%) |
| Perinatal problems | |
| Premature children (< 37 weeks gestation) | 413 (1%) |
| Low birth weight (< 2500 mg) | 1848 (4.4%) |
| children suffer from jaundice after birth | 11,028 (26.5%) |
| children suffer from bluish discoloration after birth (Cyanosis) | 546 (1.3%) |
| children suffer from any convulsions | 675 (1.6%) |
| children kept in an incubator for more than two days | 3078 (7.4%) |
| Mothers have any health problem during pregnancy* | 2770 (6.6%) |
| difficult labor** | 6092 (14.6%) |
*Mothers have any pregnancy complications as iron deficiency anemia, gestational diabetes, hypertension, infection, anxiety, or depression [28]
**Difficult labor refers to prolongation in the duration of labor, typically in the first stage of labor. It can be an important contributor to maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity if it remains unrecognized or untreated [29]