. 2022 Aug 5;16:63. doi: 10.1186/s13034-022-00498-3

Table 3.

Maternal and Paternal characteristics of the surveyed children with respect to Developmental delays

Socio-demographic parameters N = 41,640	Surveyed children N (%)	Healthy children N = 38,862	Children with any DDs n = 2778	OR (95% CI)
Mother age at giving birth
Less than 18	1976 (4.7%)	1845	131	> 35 vs. < 18 1.10 (0.88–1.37)
Row %		93.4%	6.6%	> 35 vs. < 18 1.10 (0.88–1.37)
18 to < 35	35,958 (86.4%)	33,590	2368	18- < 35 vs. < 18 0.99 (0.83–1.19)
Row %		93.4%	6.6%
> 35	3407 (8.2%)	3161	246
Row %		92.8%	7.2%
No mother	299 (0.7%)	254	31	no mother vs. mother at home 1.72** (1.18–2.5)
Row %		89.1%	10.9%	no mother vs. mother at home 1.72** (1.18–2.5)
Current Mothers Age
less than 35	36,344 (87.3%)	35,435	2499	= > 35 vs. < 35 1.10 (0.96–1.26)
Row %		93.4%	6.6%
= > 35	5296 (12.7%)	3161	246
Row %		92.8%	7.2%
Mothers Education
1. Illiterate/read and write to Prep	16,046 (38.5%)	14,825	1221	OR 3 vs. 1 0.57 (0.5–0.64)**
Row %		92.4%	7.6%	OR 3 vs. 1 0.57 (0.5–0.64)**
2. High School and technical	18,609 (44.7%)	17,381	1228	OR 2 vs. 1 0.86(0.79-0.93)*
Row %		93.4%	6.6%
3. University or higher	6674 (16%)	6377	297
Row %		95.5%	4.5%
Fathers Education
1. Illiterate/ Read and write to Prep	14,666 (35.2%)	13,499	1167	OR 3 vs. 1 0.50 (0.44-0.57) **
Row %		92.0%	8.%	OR 3 vs. 1 0.50 (0.44-0.57) **
2. High School and technical	18,390 (44.2%)	17,222	1168	OR 2 vs. 1 0.78 (0.72-0.85)**
Row %		93.6%	6.4%
3. University or higher	6662 (16.%)	6385	277
Row %		95.8%	4.2%
4. No father at home	1922 (4.6%)	1755	166	no Father vs. Father at home 1.34 (1.14–1.58)**
Row %		91.4%	8.6%	no Father vs. Father at home 1.34 (1.14–1.58)**
Mothers’ work
1. Work (paid-unpaid-her own)	6014 (14.4%)	5651	363	OR 2 vs 1 1.13 (1.01–1.26)
Row %		94.0%	6.0%
2. Unemployed	35,315 (84.8%)	32,935	2383
Row %		93.3%	6.7%

*Significant < 0.05, **highly significant < 0.01