Fig. 1.

PRISMA flow diagram for selection of records included in this review. The search terms “chronic traumatic encephalopathy”, “dementia pugilistica”, “repetitive mild traumatic brain injury”, and “chronic traumatic encephalopathy neuropathology” were used to query the Pubmed, Scopus, and Embase databases for all relevant articles published until 31 December 2021, resulting in 5236 records. Duplicate records (3258) were removed using an excel query. The remaining 1978 records were screened to determine only those that examined human postmortem tissue. From these 104 records, all case studies (only one CTE case described) and descriptive studies (no comparison to normal aging or other disease groups) were excluded, resulting in 42 articles that met the eligibility criteria for this review