Table 2.

Checklist of key demographic information to collect and report.

Essential Information	Reason	Guidelines
Sex	Understanding biological sex.	Include biological sex (male/female).
Age	Understanding development.	Include age (mean and range).
Race and Ethnicity	Understanding cultural influences and generalizability.	Include number/percentage of participants from each ethnicity/pan-ethnicity (e.g., Asian-American) and specific country, culture, or race (e.g., Chinese).
Objective SES	Understanding cultural influences and generalizability.	Include measures such as family income, income to needs ratio, parental education, etc.
Recommended Information	Reason	Recommendations
Immigrant Status	Understanding multicultural influences in youth’s lives.	First- second- or third+ generation; years in the host country.
Cultural Orientation	Addressing acculturation.	Measures of orientation toward host and native cultures.
Cultural Values	Measuring processes underlying cultural influences on development.	Interdependent vs. independent values; collectivism vs. independence; etc.
Subjective SES	Understanding cultural influences associated with social standing.	Perceived social standing relative to others at neighborhood and country-levels.

Note. Essential information is suggested for all developmental neuroscience research to report regardless of whether or not the researchers are interested in culture. Recommended information is intended for those wishing to examine culture more deeply.