Skip to main content
. 2022 Mar 17;29(36):54391–54406. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-16858-z

Table 2.

Values of the measured concentrations of PM2.5 chemical components, as mean and standard deviation values of the whole study and of the spring and winter campaigns, separately. Bold values indicate statistically significant differences between seasons: *p < 0.005; **p ≤ 0.001

Total Spring Winter
Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD
ƩPAHs (ng m−3) 5.03 2.30 3.16** 0.53 6.58** 1.03
Ʃoxy-PAHs (ng m−3) 1.44 0.24 1.44 0.14 1.45 0.31
PM2.5 (μg m−3) 18.2 14.7 8.29** 3.28 26.7** 15.5
SO42− (μg m−3) 1.36 0.98 1.48 1.00 1.26 0.98
NO3 (μg m−3) 4.85 6.43 0.48** 0.21 8.67** 6.82
NH4+ (μg m−3) 2.35 2.43 0.85** 0.41 3.70** 2.72
EC (μg m−3) 0.91 0.58 0.43** 0.06 1.31** 0.51
OC (μg m−3) 4.02 2.45 2.21** 0.63 5.51** 2.39
Levoglucosan (ng m−3) 251.2 317.7 10.6** 7.8 510.4** 279.9
Cl (μg m−3) - - - - 0.23 0.09
K+ (μg m−3) - - - - 0.31 0.21
Ca2+ (μg m−3) - - - - 0.9 0.4
As (ng m−3) 0.26 0.17 0.17* 0.07 0.35* 0.19
Fe (ng m−3) 57.1 29.9 49.0 19.1 65.2 40.7
V (ng m−3) 0.72 0.94 0.27* 0.14 1.17* 0.87
Zn (ng m−3) 15.4 12.3 6.9** 2.6 22.9** 12.6
Cd (ng m−3) 0.07 0.06 0.03** 0.01 0.11** 0.06
Pb (ng m−3) 2.67 2.08 1.29** 0.47 3.88** 2.20
Sn (ng m−3) 1.56 1.47 0.66** 0.22 2.34** 1.66
Sb (ng m−3) 0.52 0.20 0.41 0.09 0.58 0.22
La (ng m−3) 0.07 0.06 0.04* 0.02 0.11* 0.07
Mn (ng m−3) - - 1.45 0.33 - -
OPVDTT (nmol min−1 m−3) 0.21 0.21 0.08** 0.03 0.32** 0.15
OPVAA (nmol min−1 m−3) 0.52 0.41 0.28** 0.21 0.72** 0.36
OPmDTT (nmol min−1 μg−1) 0.017 0.031 0.004* 0.004 0.022* 0.022
OPmAA (nmol min−1 μg−1) 0.034 0.031 0.033 0.023 0.035 0.037