Skip to main content
. 2022 Mar 16;31(9):2705–2716. doi: 10.1007/s11136-022-03121-2

Table 4.

Longitudinal association of single food groups, psychological ill-being and psychological well-being at the 34th gestational week

N Psychological ill-being Psychological well-being
Negative affect Anxiety Depression Emotional regulation Resilience Positive affect
115 109 117 119 112 115
Single food groups β p β p β p β p β p β p
Whole grain cereals (s/wk)  − 0.165 0.093  − 0.129 0.229  − 0.099 0.288 0.070 0.470  − 0.051 0.611  − 0.064 0.497
Potatoes (s/wk)  − 0.023 0.815 0.083 0.410 0.170 0.067  − 0.082 0.402 0.018 0.865  − 0.007 0.942
Fruits (s/wk)  − 0.357  < 0.001  − 0.415  < 0.001  − 0.365  < 0.001 0.278 0.004 0.205 0.045 0.243 0.010
Vegetables (s/wk) 0.059 0.538  − 0.003 0.977  − 0.040 0.663 0.027 0.778 0.140 0.162 0.135 0.139
Pulses (s/wk) 0.084 0.390 0.005 0.957 0.111 0.234 0.027 0.780 0.025 0.801 0.126 0.174
Fish (s/wk)  − 0.053 0.588  − 0.051 0.622 0.025 0.787 0.107 0.289 0.034 0.735 0.102 0.276
Red Meat and subproducts (s/wk) 0.086 0.373 0.237 0.016 0.143 0.116 0.021 0.828  − 0.234 0.015  − 0.163 0.075
Poultry (s/m) 0.099 0.309 0.043 0.670  − 0.050 0.591  − 0.007 0.936  − 0.104 0.292 0.089 0.336
Dairy products(s/wk) 0.074 0.450 0.049 0.631 0.031 0.737  − 0.056 0.548  − 0.016 0.875 0.106 0.260
Olive Oil (s/wk)  − 0.108 0.253  − 0.142 0.153  − 0.006 0.944 0.108 0.229 0.304 0.001 0.014 0.874
Nuts (s/wk)  − 0.206 0.043  − 0.231 0.026 0.040 0.681 0.210 0.027 0.247 0.017 0.173 0.076
Sweets (s/wk) 0.101 0.326 0.009 0.932 0.151 0.112  − 0.019 0.846  − 0.032 0.758  − 0.016 0.867

Analyses were adjusted for age, educational status, number of miscarriages, low back pain and exercise intervention. S, servings; wk, week

Boldface indicates those outcomes which surpassed the multiple comparison test