Table 2.

Technical parameters of commercial immunoassay-based multiplex proteomics platforms

Platform	Vendor	Multi-analyte detection	Type of biological matrix	Sample volume requirement	Sensitivity	Dynamic range	Median intra-assay CV (%)
Antibody arrays	See Table 1	Up to 1300	Serum, plasma, tissue/cell lysate	10 μl–1.5 ml	sub pg/ml–ng/ml	3- to 4-log	15–50%
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) multiarray	Meso Scale Discovery	71	Serum, plasma, cell culture supernatants, PBMCsa, urine	10–25 μl	sub fg/ml–pg/ml	5-log	<20%
Proximity extension assay (PEA)	Olink Proteomics	1196	Serum, plasma, tissue/cell lysate, CSFb, urine, saliva, etcc	13 μl	fg/ml–pg/ml	10-log	8%
Microsphere bead capture assay	Luminex	500	Serum, plasma	13 μl	1–10 pg/ml	3- to 4-log	10%
Single-molecule array (Simoa)	Quanterix	12	Serum, plasma, tissue/cell lysate	13 μl	sub fg/ml	4-log	10%
Slow off-rate modified aptamer (SOMAmer) assay	SomaLogic	5000	Serum, plasma, tissue/cell lysate, CSFb	50 μl	100 fg/ml	8-log	4.6%
Encoded gel microparticle capture assay	Abcam	75	Serum, plasma	12.5 μl	500 fg/ml	4- to 5-log	<10%
Microsphere bead chip-based assay	AYOXXA	12	Serum	3 μl	sub pg/ml	3- to 4-log	<10%

^aPeripheral blood mononuclear cell.

^bCerebrospinal fluid.

^cA variety of other sample types are compatible such as fine needle biopsies, micro-dialysis fluid, dried blood spots, synovial fluid, plaque extract, and saliva.