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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Oct 20.
Published in final edited form as: Nature. 2022 Apr 20;604(7907):714–722. doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-04640-1

Extended Data Table 1 |.

Studies of sSNV rates and signatures during ageing in various human cell types57,7680

Study Tissue/cell Method sSNV increase per year per cell Mutational signatures of aging cells
Blokzijl et al. 20166 adult stem cells of small intestine, colon, liver WGS of clonal organoid cultures derived from primary multipotent cells 35–40 COSMIC Signature 5
Hoang et al. 201676 bulk brain (frontal cortex), colon, kidney dilution followed by WGS (BotSeqS) ~33 (in bulk brain)
Lodato et al. 20185 neurons (prefrontal cortex) single-cell WGS ~23 COSMIC Signature 5
Osorio et al. 20187 hematopoietic stem cells WGS on clonal cultures 14 COSMIC Signature 5
Franco et al. 201877 skeletal muscle resident progenitor/stem (satellite) cells WGS on in vitro clonally expanded single cells 13 COSMIC Signatures 1,5,8
Zhang et al. 201978 B lymphocytes single cell WGS ~26 COSMIC Signatures 1,5
Lee-Six et al. 201979 colon (crypts) WGS of colorectal crypts, to represent clones from colorectal stem cells >40 COSMIC SBS5, SBS1
Franco et al. 201980 kidney tubules, epidermis, subcutaneous adipose, visceral adipose WGS on in vitro clonally expanded single cells ~55 (KT2)
~12 (KT1)
~20 (adipose)
COSMIC SBS1, SBS3/8, SBS5, SBS40
This study neurons (prefrontal cortex and CA1 hippocampus) single-cell WGS 16–21 COSMIC SBS5

Of note, COSMIC v3 single base substitution signatures SBS1 and SBS5 are similar and analogous to v2 signatures 1 and 5, respectively (https://cancer.sanger.ac.uk/cosmic/signatures). The table refers to several previous studies.