TABLE 1.

Characteristics of included RCTs investigating the adjunctive effect of Puerarin injection (PI) on acute heart failure.

Included study (author/year/ language)	Sample size (E/C)	Average age (E/C)	Duration	Interventions		Usage and dose	AHF diagnostic criteria	Adverse events	Outcome
				Experiment group	Control group
Ma (15)	40/40	60.35 ± 6.55/60.40 ± 6.53	20 days	PI plus CWT+M	CWT+M	200–400 mg diluted with 5% glucose 500 ml	a	Nausea, hypotension, vomiting, headache	①⑥
Zheng et al. (16)	42/42	60.6 ± 10.2/54.3 ± 13.5	14 days	PI plus CWT+M	CWT+M	500 mg diluted with 5% glucose 500 ml	NR	Nausea, hypotension, vomiting, headache	①②③⑤⑥
Zhang (20)	34/34	56.3 ± 5.8/56.8 ± 5.3	14 days	PI plus CWT+M	CWT+M	200–400 mg diluted with 5% glucose 500 ml	NR	Nausea, hypotension, vomiting, headache	①②③⑥
Xu (14)	33/33	61.37 ± 5.62/63.35 ± 4.13	7 days	PI plus CWT+L	CWT+L	500 mg diluted with 5% glucose 500 ml	a	No adverse events	①②③⑤⑥
Li (17)	29/29	60.21 ± 3.05/60.13 ± 3.11	14 days	PI plus CWT+M	CWT+M	500 mg diluted with 5% glucose 500 ml	a	NR	①②
Wu (19)	34/34	67.28 ± 3.10/66.03 ± 3.87	7 days	PI plus CWT+ rhBNP	CWT+ rhBNP	200–400 mg diluted with 5% glucose 500 ml	NR	NR	②
Wang (18)	50/50	58.05 ± 1.25/57.15 ± 1.46	14 days	PI plus CWT+M	CWT+M	500 mg diluted with 5% glucose 250 ml	NR	NR	②
Xiong (21)	45/45	58.96 ± 8.15/58.87 ± 8.21	NR	PI plus CWT+M	CWT+M	500 mg diluted with 5% glucose 250 ml	NR	Slow heart rate, hypotension, headache	①②③④⑥

E/C, Experimental group/Control group; PI, Puerarin injection; CWT, conventional western treatment; M, Metoprolol; rhBNP, Recombined human; NR, Not report; ①: Total Effective Rate; ②LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction; ③LVEDD: Left ventricular end-diastolic dimension; ④SV: Stroke volume; ⑤NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide; ⑥Adverse events. a. Acute heart failure diagnosis and treatment guide (2010 version) published by Cardiovascular Disease Branch of Chinese Medical Association.