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. 2022 Jul 25;13:957671. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.957671

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Copyright © 2022 Yin, Cai, Zhu, Zhai, Li, Ji, Chen, Wang, Wu, Chan, Jia and Hui.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Comparisons of serum total protein (TP), albumin, and globulin levels between patients with schizophrenia (SCH) and healthy controls (HCs). (A) Serum TP concentrations were markedly lower in patients with SCH than that in HCs after adjusting for covariates (70.01 ± 5.52 vs. 75.84 ± 4.38, F = 46.11, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.19); (B) serum albumin concentrations were markedly lower in patients with SCH than that in HCs after adjusting for covariates (44.14 ± 2.87 vs. 47.01 ± 2.90, F = 31.69, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.14); and (C) serum globulin concentrations were markedly lower in patients with SCH than that in HCs after adjusting for covariates (25.88 ± 3.67 vs. 28.83 ± 4.54, F = 12.48, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.06). TP, total protein; HCs, healthy controls; SCH, schizophrenia; ANCOVA, analysis of covariance; ANOVA, analysis of variance.