TABLE 1.
Representative bio-reactive electrogenic materials and their electric constants.
| Type | Representative material | Electric constant | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Piezoelectric materials | PVDF | dij constant, 20 pC/N | Li et al. (2019a) |
| HA/PVDF | dij constant, 1.5 pC/N | Wu et al. (2020) | |
| P(VDF-TrFE) | dij constant, 30 pC/N | Fukada (1998) | |
| Barium titanate | dij constant, 191 pC/N | Mindlin (1972) | |
| Potassium sodium niobate or lithium-doped potassium sodium niobate | dij constant | Yu et al. (2012) | |
| 63 pC/N or 98 pC/N | |||
| Optoelectronic materials | Bismuth sulfide/hydroxyapatite film | Photocurrent density, 25 μA cm−2 (under NIR light, 0.29 W cm−2) | Fu et al. (2019) |
| Hydrogenated TiO2 nanotube/Ti foil | Photocurrent density, 4 μA cm−2 (under visible light, 100 mW cm−2) | Zhao et al. (2021) | |
| Magnetoelectric materials | MNC–(AuNP RGD) heterodimer nanoswitch | Unstated | Kang et al. (2018) |
| Acoustoelectric materials | Graphene nanoribbons | Exhibiting linear dependence on surface acoustic wave intensity and frequency | Poole and Nash (2018) |
| Thermoelectric materials | Ag2Te nanoshuttle/polyvinylidene fluoride | Thermoelectric efficiency, 30 μW (mK2)−1 | Zhou et al. (2018) |