Table 2.

Content of the modules in the ABC program

Module	Content
1. Showing love	In the first module parental warmth and love is presented as a fundament for the relationship between parents and children. Modeling and parental attention are introduced as important ways in which children learn from parents. Focusing on what works is taught as a way to get into virtuous circles, with less conflicts in the family.
2. Being there	In the second module, spending time together in the family is encouraged. Also, child-directed play is introduced, in which parents encourage, reflect, and follow their child’s lead. The module also teaches functional analysis to understand children’s challenging behaviors and prevention of conflicts by using routines, preparations, positive expectations, child involvement, and encouragements.
3. Showing the way	In the third module, the disadvantage of using anger as a parenting strategy is emphasized and the parents learn ways to calm themselves in challenging situations. This includes identifying triggering situations, raising awareness of their own physiological responses to them, and learning strategies to reduce their anger or stress by for example taking a break. The parents also work with identification and reduction of overall life stressors.
4. Picking your battles	The fourth module teaches parents about the importance of reducing nagging, complaints, and unnecessary reprimands. The parents are also taught a strategy to handle their children’s discontent in situations when they need to pick the battle: Validate the child’s feelings, explain briefly why the child can’t have his or her own way, and distract the child by giving another option.