Table 3.

Subgroup analysis of included randomized controlled trials for the effect of CoQ10 supplementation on fasting glucose.

Group	No. of trials (participates)	WMD (95% CI) , mg/dl	Pdifferencea	I2, %	Pheterogeneityb	Pc for between subgroup heterogeneity
Overall	44 (2157)	−5.22 (−8.33, −2.11)	<0.001	95.10	<0.001
Study design
Parallel	44 (2157)	−5.22 (−8.33, −2.11)	<0.001	95.10	<0.001
Duration (weeks)
<12	16 (738)	−2.41 (−6.87, 2.06)	0.29	97.93	<0.001	0.09
≥12	28 (1419)	−7.59 (−11.66, −3.52)	<0.001	71.78	<0.001
CoQ10 dosage
<200 mg/day	20 (1026)	−13.21 (−18.43, −7.98)	<0.001	89.99	<0.001	<0.001
≥200 mg/day and <300 mg/day	15 (751)	−0.71 (−3.42, 1.99)	0.61	44.31	0.03
≥300 mg/day	9 (380)	2.37 (0.38, 4.36)	0.02	77.02	<0.001
Control group
Placebo	39 (1940)	−6.02 (−9.56, −2.47)	<0.001	75.39	<0.001	0.30
Other	5 (217)	−2.97 (−7.32, 1.38)	0.18	95.52	<0.001
Risk of bias
High	14 (544)	−1.18 (−4.44, 2.08)	0.47	88.55	<0.001	0.05
Low	29 (1613)	−6.70 (−11.28, −2.13)	<0.001	94.30	<0.001
Received industry funding?
Yes	18 (803)	−2.70 (−7.46, 2.06)	0.27	97.63	<0.001	0.19
No	26 (1354)	−6.84 (−10.70, −2.98)	<0.001	78.62	<0.001

^aDersimonian-Laird random effect model was used to calculate the effect size and P-value.

^bCochrane Q test was used to detect the heterogeneity between studies.

^cCochrane Q test was used to detect the subgroup heterogeneity.

Abbreviations: WMD, weighted mean difference; CI, confidence interval; CoQ10, coenzyme Q10.