Table 1.
Clinical characteristics on admission to the weaning center – comparison of patients with unsuccessful and successful decannulation.
| Clinical characteristics | All patients (n = 532) | Decannulation failure (n = 216) | Decannulation success (n = 316) | p value a |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 70 (62–77) | 73 (66–78) | 68 (60–75) | <0.01 b |
| Male gender | 332 (62.4) | 137 (63.4) | 195 (61.7) | 0.688 c |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.3 (± 6.6) | 26.3 (± 5.8) | 27.9 (± 7.1) | <0.01 b |
| Obesity (defined as BMI ⩾30 kg/m2) | 142 (26.7) | 51 (23.6) | 91 (28.8) | 0.057 c |
| Smoking history | 243 (45.7) | 94 (43.5) | 149 (47.2) | 0.409 c |
| APACHE-II (points) | 17 (13–20) | 17 (14–20) | 16 (13–19) | <0.01 b |
| Albumin (g/dl) | 2.2 (± 0.6) | 2.1 (± 0.6) | 2.2 (± 0.5) | <0.01 b |
| Pre-existing domiciliary NIV | 32 (6.0) | 19 (8.8) | 13 (4.1) | 0.026 c |
| Ventilator days on admission | 22 (15–33) | 21 (14–33) | 23 (16–33) | 0.227 b |
| Intubation to tracheostomy (days) | 10 (6–14) | 9 (6–14) | 10 (7–15) | 0.119 b |
| Percutaneous tracheostomy | 391 (73.5) | 150 (69.4) | 241 (76.3) | 0.080 c |
| ECLA | 35 (6.6) | 7 (3.2) | 28 (8.9) | 0.010 c |
| Reason for mechanical ventilation | ||||
| Pneumonia | 182 (34.2) | 71 (32.9) | 111 (35.1) | 0.591 c |
| Surgery | 122 (22.9) | 48 (22.2) | 74 (23.4) | 0.748 c |
| Acute exacerbation of COPD | 57 (10.7) | 26 (12.0) | 31 (9.8) | 0.415 c |
| Sepsis (including septic shock) | 53 (10.0) | 21 (9.7) | 32 (10.1) | 0.879 c |
| Cardiopulmonary resuscitation | 37 (7.0) | 13 (6.0) | 24 (7.6) | 0.483 c |
| Acute heart failure | 18 (3.4) | 10 (4.6) | 8 (2.5) | 0.189 c |
| Other | 63 (11.8) | 27 (12.5) | 36 (11.4) | 0.698 c |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Charlson comorbidity index (points) | 6 (4–7) | 6 (5–8) | 5 (4–7) | <0.01 b |
| Diabetes mellitus | 161 (30.3) | 64 (29.6) | 97 (30.7) | 0.793 c |
| Coronary artery disease | 151 (28.4) | 60 (27.8) | 91 (28.8) | 0.798 c |
| Renal insufficiency | 147 (27.6) | 62 (28.7) | 85 (26.9) | 0.648 c |
| Hemodialysis on admission | 71 (13.3) | 32 (14.8) | 39 (12.3) | 0.320 c |
| COPD | 140 (26.3) | 58 (26.9) | 82 (25.9) | 0.817 c |
| Immunosuppression | 86 (16.2) | 26 (12.0) | 60 (19.0) | 0.033 c |
| Chronic heart failure | 84 (15.8) | 33 (15.3) | 51 (16.1) | 0.789 c |
| Malignancy | 51 (9.6) | 19 (8.8) | 32 (10.1) | 0.609 c |
| Hepatopathy | 35 (6.6) | 13 (6.0) | 22 (7.0) | 0.667 c |
| Interstitial lung diseases | 32 (6.0) | 8 (3.7) | 24 (7.6) | 0.064 c |
| Neuromuscular diseases | 19 (3.6) | 15 (6.9) | 4 (1.3) | <0.01 c |
| Pre-existing dysphagia | 13 (2.4) | 11 (5.1) | 2 (0.6) | <0.01 c |
APACHE-II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score; BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ECLA, extracorporeal lung assistance; NIV, non-invasive ventilation.
Continuous variables are presented as median (– interquartile range [IQR]) or arithmetic means (± standard deviation); categorical variables are presented as numbers (%).
a
p value for differences between patients with unsuccessful and successful decannulation. Significant values are in bold.
b
Mann–Whitney U-test.
c
Chi-square test.