Figure 4.

Examples of common and emerging tools or methodologies that can be used to address the key bioenergetic questions identified as part of this exercise. Questions (excluding Q11) are colour-coded as in Fig. 3, with black lines connecting the question to the tool/methodology. Bolded outlines correspond to tools/methodologies that are linked to multiple key questions. In some instances, these represent different tools for collecting the same type of data (e.g. unmanned vehicles and boat-based surveys using acoustic data to characterize prey landscapes), whereas in others they represent different methodologies to address the same question (e.g. eDNA vs. boat-based surveys to characterize prey landscapes).