TABLE 2.

Results for simulation study investigating robustness (only β₁), as described in Section 4.2

Symmetry	Data-generating model	Analysis strategy	True calue	AE	ESE	AESE	CP
Symmetric	Binomial	Binomial GLM	0.2	0.201	0.0326	0.0327	0.954
		SPGLM		0.201	0.0338	0.0341	0.953
	25% Overdispersion	Binomial GLM	0.2	0.230	0.0438	0.0383	0.846
		SPGLM		0.204	0.0398	0.0411	0.962
	50% Overdispersion	Binomial GLM	0.2	0.246	0.0579	0.0428	0.733
		SPGLM		0.205	0.0489	0.0485	0.946
	100% Overdispersion	Binomial GLM	0.2	0.253	0.0766	0.0495	0.690
		SPGLM		0.207	0.0628	0.0634	0.953
Skewed	Binomial	Binomial GLM	0.2	0.201	0.0326	0.0328	0.954
		SPGLM		0.201	0.0341	0.0345	0.953
	25% Overdispersion	Binomial GLM	0.2	0.226	0.0466	0.0387	0.852
		SPGLM		0.196	0.0418	0.0413	0.940
	50% Overdispersion	Binomial GLM	0.2	0.241	0.0595	0.0434	0.757
		SPGLM		0.197	0.0495	0.0488	0.946
	100% Overdispersion	Binomial GLM	0.2	0.243	0.0806	0.0499	0.722
		SPGLM		0.195	0.0649	0.0636	0.945

Abbreviations: AE, average estimate; ESE, empirical standard error; AESE, average estimated standard error; CP, coverage probability, 95% confidence intervals.