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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Aug 9.
Published in final edited form as: Cell. 2020 Mar 11;180(6):1044–1066. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.041

Figure 4.

Figure 4.

TLR-mediated regulation of inflammasomes

TLR signaling can prime cells for an enhanced responsiveness to stimuli that drive the assembly and activity of inflammasomes. Simultaneous exposure of cells to TLR ligands and stimuli that promote inflammasome assembly lead to an immediate pyroptosis. This immediate pyroptosis is dependent on the myddosome component IRAK1, but is independent of any transcriptional response in the cell. In cells that have been pre-exposed to TLR ligands, the transcriptional upregulation of inflammasome regulators NLRP3, Caspase-11 and IL-1β lead to a more efficient assembly and activity of DAMPs such as IL-1β. Other examples of TLR-mediated influence on inflammasome activities are described in the text.