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. 2022 Aug 8;24:188. doi: 10.1186/s13075-022-02880-0

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

Activation of IRF3 and augmentation of IFN-β1 expression by VGLL3 in RA-FLS. a The mRNA expression levels of IFN-α1 and IFN-β1 were detected by qPCR after VGLL3 overexpression or knockdown in RA-FLS. b Representative images of the expression of IRF3 in RA-FLS examined by immunofluorescence staining. Nuclei were stained with DAPI. c The protein expression levels of p-IRF3 and total IRF3 in RA-FLS were detected by Western blotting upon VGLL3 overexpression. GAPDH was used as the housekeeping gene. d The protein expression levels of p-STAT1 in RA-FLS were detected by Western blotting upon VGLL3 overexpression. β-Tubulin was used as the housekeeping gene. e Gene expression levels of STAT1, TNFSF13B, MX1, IRF7, OAS1, TLR3, and CCL5 were detected in RA-FLS transfected with Flag-VGLL3-expressing lentivirus with/without the treatment of Janus kinase inhibitor tofacitinib (250 nM). f Representative images of the expression of STAT1 in RA-FLS transfected with Flag-VGLL3-expressing lentivirus with/without the treatment of tofacitinib (250 nM) examined by immunofluorescence staining. Nuclei were stained with DAPI. Scale bar, 100 μm. N = 3. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001