Fig. 5.

VGLL3 exacerbated IFN-β1 production by inhibiting Hippo pathway. a Representative images of the protein expression of WWTR1 and AMOTL2 in RA-FLS transfected with VGLL3 siRNA or Scr siRNA examined by Western blotting. β-Tubulin was used as the housekeeping gene. b Representative images of the protein expression of WWTR1 and AMOTL2 in RA-FLS transfected with Flag-VGLL3 expressing lentivirus or vector examined by Western blotting. GAPDH was used as the housekeeping gene. c Representative images of the protein expression of WWTR1 in RA-FLS transfected with WWTR1 siRNA or Scr siRNA examined by Western blotting. GAPDH was used as the housekeeping gene. d–f The mRNA expression levels of IFN-β1 (d) examined by real-time PCR and protein expression of IRF3 (e) and STAT1 (f) examined by immunofluorescence staining in RA-FLS transfected with Scr siRNA, VGLL3 siRNA, and WWTR1 siRNA + VGLL3 siRNA. N = 3. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. Data were shown as mean ± SD