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. 2022 Aug 8;16(8):e0010596. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010596

Table 3. Showing proportion of co-exposure with Brucella, C. burnetii and RVFV antibodies in different wildlife species.

Only wildlife species that had an exposure with at least one of the pathogens were included in the analysis for co-exposure.

Wildlife species C. burnetii and
RVF virus
Brucella and
RVF virus
C. burnetii and
Brucella
Co-exposure with any of the three pathogens
Total N N % positive (95% CI) Total
n
% positive
(95% CI)
Total
n
Total
n
% positive
(95% CI)
Buffaloes 71 0 0.0 18 25.4 (15.7–37.1) 0 18 25.3 (15.8–37.1)
Eland 9 1 11.1(0.3–48.2) 1 11.1 (0.3–48.2) 0 2 22.2 (2.8–60.0)
Giraffe 8 0 0.0 1 12.5 (0.3–52.6) 0 1 12.5 (0.3–52.6)
Rhino 2 1 50 (1.3–98.7) 0 0.0 0 1 50.0 (1.3–98.7)
Impala 3 1 33.3 (0.8–90.6) 0 0.0 0 1 33.3 (0.8–90.6)
Total 93 3 14.3 (1.7–42.8) 20 22.7 (14.4–32.9) 0 23 24.7 (16.4–34.8)

Key: N total number of animals that tested positive for any of the three pathogens (both single and co- exposure), n number of co-exposure cases, CI Confidence Interval.