Table 1. Inclusion and exclusion criteria.

	Inclusion criteria	Exclusion criteria
Population	Human beings with or without NCDs. Human beings with or without NCD risk factors.	Subjects are not human beings.
Intervention	NCD prevention and/or control interventions that are provided within health systems (see Table A in S1 Appendix).	Interventions that are not specified in the inclusion criteria.
Outcome	Implementation outcomes as defined by Proctor and colleagues and Glasgow and colleagues [20,21]     • Acceptability     • Adoption     • Appropriateness     • Feasibility     • Fidelity     • Penetration     • Sustainability     • Implementation costs     • Reach     • Implementation     • Maintenance	Outcomes other than those specified in the inclusion criteria.
Study design	Quantitative, qualitative, or mixed method. Quantitative study designs included experimental and observational.     • Experimental designs:       ○ Randomized controlled trial,       ○ Cluster randomized trial,       ○ Randomized step wedge,     • Observational designs:       ○ Quasi-experimental designs:         ▪ Single interrupted time series,         ▪ Controlled interrupted time series,         ▪ Pre-post with comparison group,         ▪ Regression discontinuity,         ▪ Nonrandomized stepped wedge       ○ Preexperimental designs (no control group or no repeated measures):         ▪ Pre-post         ▪ Post-only design       ○ Other observational designs include:         ▪ Cohort studies         ▪ Cross-sectional studies         ▪ Case-control studies	Nonempirical/primary research including:     • Review     • Meta-analysis     • Editorial     • Commentary     • Letter to editor     • Opinion paper     • Newspaper     • Protocols     • Case report     • Epidemiological/descriptive studies (e.g., nonintervention association studies including knowledge, attitude, discrete choice experiment, awareness, willingness, and perception (including perceived barriers) studies) and not in the context of implementation of NCD interventions.     • Instrument/screening or diagnostic test validation studies     • Call to action     • Sharing experience/lessons learned on the field if not resulting from research     • (Descriptive) cost-effectiveness studies based on modeling (and not in the context of implementation of NCD interventions)
Geographic Scope	LMICs (see Table C in S1 Appendix)	Areas other than LMICs
Time frame	1990–2020	Studies published before 1990

LMIC, low- and middle-income country; NCD, noncommunicable disease.