Functional characterization of AS subtypes. A and B, Statistically enriched gene sets in EpiS and MesS subtypes identified using GSEA 50 Hallmark gene set (A) and MSigDB KEGG pathways (B). C, Gene expression of epithelial CDH1, EPCAM and OCLN, and mesenchymal VIM, CDH2 and FN1 markers in each patient subtype. D, Gene expression of EMT-inducing transcription factors ZEB1/2, SNAI1/2, and TWIST1/2 in each patient subtype. E, Absolute quantification of H. pylori copies in each patient subtype. F, Associations between AS event-based patient subtype and Lauren or WHO clinical subtypes. MD, moderately differentiated; PD, poorly differentiated; SRC, signet ring cell carcinoma; WD, well differentiated. G, Associations between AS event-based patient subtype and TCGA or ACRG molecular subtypes. Wilcoxon rank-sum test, *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ****, P < 0.0001; ns, nonsignificant.