Table 7.
The Distribution of CSS scores by Baby's characteristics.
| Variables | Coping Style Scale |
Self-confident |
Optimistic |
Helpless |
Submissive |
Seeking of social support |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median(min-max) | Test and p value | Median(min-max) | Test and p value | Median(min-max) | Test and p value | Median(min-max) | Test and p value | Median(min-max) | Test and p value | Median(min-max) | Test and p value | |
| Coping Style Scale | Self-confident | Optimistic | Helpless | Submissive | Seeking of social support | |||||||
| Median(min-max) | Test and p value | Median(min-max) | Test and p value | Median(min-max) | Test and p value | Median(min-max) | Test and p value | Median(min-max) | Test and p value | Median(min-max) | Test and p value | |
| Having another child | z = −1.102 p = 0.27 | z=-2.264 p=0.024 | z = −1.863 p = 0.063 | z = −0.176 p = 0.86 | z = −0.793 p = 0.428 | z = −0.03 p = 0.976 | ||||||
| Yes | 2.49(1.84–2.99) | 3(1.71–4) | 2.8(1.6–4) | 2.25(1.5–3.13) | 2.17(1.5–3.5) | 2.5(1–3.25) | ||||||
| No | 2.42(1.29–3.41) | 2.57(1–3.86) | 2.4(1–3.6) | 2.25(1.13–3.88) | 2.33(1–3.83) | 2.25(1.25–3.5) | ||||||
| Gestation week | K = 4.037 p = 0.133 | K = 5.781 p = 0.056 | K = 4.089 p = 0.129 | K = 2.782 p = 0.249 | K = 1.608 p = 0.448 | K = 3.354 p = 0.187 | ||||||
| <28 | 2.55(1.87–3.41) | 3(1.71–4) | 2.8(1.4–4) | 2.315(1.63–3.5) | 2.17(1.67–3.83) | 2.25(1–3.25) | ||||||
| 28-36 | 2.46(1.29–2.94) | 2.57(1–3.57) | 2.4(1–3.4) | 2.38(1.13–3.75) | 2.33(1–3.33) | 2.25(1.5–2.75) | ||||||
| 37-42 | 2.355(1.84–2.97) | 2.43(1.71–3.86) | 2.4(1.8–3.6) | 2(1.38–3.88) | 2.17(1.5–3.33) | 2.5(1.25–3.5) | ||||||
| Delivery type | z = −0.835 p = 0.404 | z = −0.849 p = 0.396 | z = −1.834 p = 0.067 | z = −1.396 p = 0.163 | z = −1.554 p = 0.12 | z = −1.501 p = 0.133 | ||||||
| Vaginal | 2.38(2.02–2.97) | 2.57(1.57–3.86) | 2.4(1.6–3.6) | 2.38(1.5–3.88) | 2.33(1.5–3.33) | 2.25(1.25–3.25) | ||||||
| C-section | 2.44(1.29–3.41) | 2.86(1–4) | 2.6(1–4) | 2.13(1.13–3.75) | 2.17(1–3.83) | 2.5(1–3.5) | ||||||
| Birth weight | r=-0.255 p=0.014 | r=-0.225 p=0.032 | r=-0.234 p=0.025 | r = −0.09 p = 0.395 | r=-0.225 p=0.031 | r = 0.103 p = 0.327 | ||||||
| Baby gender | z = −0.961 p = 0.337 | z = −0.046 p = 0.963 | z = −0.14 p = 0.888 | z = −0.062 p = 0.951 | z = −1.569 p = 0.117 | z = −0.551 p = 0.582 | ||||||
| Girl | 2.49(1.29–3.41) | 2.785(1–3.86) | 2.6(1–3.6) | 2.38(1.13–3.88) | 2.33(1–3.83) | 2.25(1–3.5) | ||||||
| Boy | 2.38(1.84–2.99) | 2.86(1.57–4) | 2.6(1.6–4) | 2.25(1.5–3.38) | 2.17(1.5–3.33) | 2.5(1.25–3.25) | ||||||
| Baby diagnosis | z = −1.519 p = 0.129 | z = −1.576 p = 0.115 | z = −1.39 p = 0.165 | z = −0.485 p = 0.627 | z = −1.432 p = 0.152 | z = −1.008 p = 0.314 | ||||||
| Premature | 2.475(1.58–3.41) | 2.86(1.57–4) | 2.6(1.4–4) | 2.25(1.13–3.5) | 2.33(1–3.83) | 2.25(1–3.5) | ||||||
| Other | 2.375(1.29–2.97) | 2.43(1–3.86) | 2.4(1–3.6) | 2.25(1.13–3.88) | 2.17(1.33–3.33) | 2.5(1.25–3.5) | ||||||
| Informer | z = −1.828 p = 0.068 | z = −1.743 p = 0.081 | z = −1.173 p = 0.241 | z = −1.8 p = 0.072 | z = −1.818 p = 0.069 | z = −0.457 p = 0.648 | ||||||
| Physician | 2.43(1.84–3.41) | 2.86(1.57–4) | 2.6(1.6–4) | 2.38(1.38–3.88) | 2.33(1.5–3.83) | 2.375(1–3.5) | ||||||
| Nurse | 2.42(1.29–2.94) | 2.29(1–3.71) | 2.4(1–3.4) | 1.88(1.13–3.75) | 2.17(1–3.33) | 2.25(1.5–3.25) | ||||||
| Miscarriage | z = −1.659 p = 0.097 | z = −1.158 p = 0.247 | z = −1.488 p = 0.137 | z = −0.528 p = 0.598 | z = −0.927 p = 0.354 | z = −0.484 p = 0.628 | ||||||
| Yes | 2.54(2.24–3.41) | 2.57(1.86–3.86) | 2.6(2–3.6) | 2.63(1.38–3.5) | 2.33(1.83–3.83) | 2.25(2–3.5) | ||||||
| No | 2.385(1.58–2.97) | 2.43(1.57–3.86) | 2.4(1.4–3.6) | 2.38(1.13–3.88) | 2.17(1–3.5) | 2.5(1–3.5) | ||||||
| Baby admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit before | z = −0.74 p = 0.459 | z = −0.369 p = 0.712 | z = −0.121 p = 0.904 | z = −0.187 p = 0.852 | z = −0.565 p = 0.572 | z = −1.113 p = 0.266 | ||||||
| Yes | 2.42(1.84–2.84) | 2.5(2–3.57) | 2.8(1.8–3.4) | 2.38(1.38–3.25) | 2.33(1.83–2.67) | 2(1.5–3.5) | ||||||
| No | 2.43(1.29–3.41) | 2.86(1–4) | 2.6(1–4) | 2.25(1.13–3.88) | 2.17(1–3.83) | 2.5(1–3.5) | ||||||
| Baby respirator | z = −0.466 p = 0.641 | z = −1.113 p = 0.266 | z = −0.638 p = 0.523 | z = −1.176 p = 0.24 | z = −0.475 p = 0.635 | z=-2.182 p=0.029 | ||||||
| Yes | 2.47(1.29–3.41) | 2.86(1–3.86) | 2.6(1–3.6) | 2.38(1.13–3.75) | 2.17(1.33–3.83) | 2.25(1–3.25) | ||||||
| No | 2.39(1.58–2.99) | 2.5(1.57–4) | 2.4(1.4–4) | 2(1.13–3.88) | 2.17(1–3.33) | 2.5(1.25–3.5) | ||||||
| Support from the spouse's mother and other family members during the baby's admission | z = −0.55 p = 0.582 | z = −1.544 p = 0.123 | z = −1.106 p = 0.269 | z = −0.061 p = 0.952 | z=-2.424 p=0.015 | z = −0.144 p = 0.886 | ||||||
| No | 2.415(1.58–3.41) | 2.43(1.57–4) | 2.4(1.4–4) | 2.315(1.13–3.88) | 2.33(1–3.83) | 2.375(1.25–3.5) | ||||||
| Yes | 2.43(1.29–2.97) | 2.785(1–3.86) | 2.6(1–3.6) | 2.25(1.13–3.88) | 2.17(1.33–3.5) | 2.25(1–3.5) | ||||||
| Support from your mother and other family members during the baby's admission | z = −0.332 p = 0.74 | z = −0.402 p = 0.687 | z = −0.635 p = 0.525 | z = −1.131 p = 0.258 | z = −1.094 p = 0.274 | z = −0.687 p = 0.492 | ||||||
| No | 2.42(1.58–3.41) | 2.715(1.57–4) | 2.6(1.4–4) | 2.13(1.13–3.5) | 2.33(1–3.83) | 2.5(1.5–3.5) | ||||||
| Yes | 2.43(1.29–2.97) | 2.71(1–3.86) | 2.6(1–3.6) | 2.38(1.13–3.88) | 2.17(1.33–3.5) | 2.25(1–3.5) | ||||||
| Support from friends during the baby's admission | z = −1.768 p = 0.077 | z=-2.621 p=0.009 | z=-2.26 p=0.024 | z = −0.465 p = 0.642 | z = −1.085 p = 0.278 | z = −0.008 p = 0.993 | ||||||
| No | 2.38(1.58–2.99) | 2.43(1.57–4) | 2.2(1.4–4) | 2.25(1.13–3.88) | 2.33(1–3.33) | 2.25(1.25–3.5) | ||||||
| Yes | 2.47(1.29–3.41) | 2.86(1–3.86) | 2.6(1–3.6) | 2.25(1.13–3.88) | 2.17(1.33–3.83) | 2.25(1–3.5) | ||||||
| Follow-up duration in the intensive care unit | r = 0.194 p = 0.064 | r = 0.12 p = 0.256 | r = 0.152 p = 0.147 | r = 0.149 p = 0.156 | r = 0.143 p = 0.173 | r = −0.022 p = 0.836 | ||||||
| Having someone else helping with the care of children | z = −1.937 p = 0.053 | z=-2.423 p=0.015 | z = −1.492 p = 0.136 | z = −0.194 p = 0.846 | z = −0.128 p = 0.898 | z = −0.937 p = 0.349 | ||||||
| Yes | 2.35(1.58–2.97) | 2.43(1.57–3.86) | 2.3(1.4–3.6) | 2.315(1.13–3.88) | 2.33(1–3.33) | 2.25(1.25–3.5) | ||||||
| No | 2.47(1.29–3.41) | 2.86(1–4) | 2.6(1–4) | 2.13(1.13–3.75) | 2.17(1.33–3.83) | 2.25(1.5–3.5) | ||||||
| Admission in other children | z = −1.16 p = 0.246 | z = −1.682 p = 0.093 | z = −1.21 p = 0.226 | z = −1.766 p = 0.077 | z = −0.666 p = 0.506 | z=-2.179 p=0.029 | ||||||
| Yes, very often/always-Several times | 2.395(1.95–2.97) | 2.43(1.57–3.86) | 2.3(1.4–3.6) | 2.38(1.38–3.88) | 2.33(1.5–3.5) | 2.125(1–3.5) | ||||||
| No, never | 2.45(1.29–3.41) | 2.71(1–4) | 2.6(1–4) | 2(1.13–3.75) | 2.17(1–3.83) | 2.375(1.5–3.5) | ||||||
| Anxiety due to “no visitors” policy | z = −0.973 p = 0.331 | z=-2.172 p=0.03 | z = −1.307 p = 0.191 | z = −1.722 p = 0.085 | z = −0.475 p = 0.635 | z = −0.918 p = 0.358 | ||||||
| Yes | 2.43(1.29–3.41) | 2.57(1–3.86) | 2.4(1–3.6) | 2.38(1.13–3.88) | 2.17(1.33–3.83) | 2.25(1–3.5) | ||||||
| No | 2.49(1.58–2.99) | 3(1.86–4) | 2.6(1.4–4) | 1.88(1.13–2.75) | 2.17(1–2.83) | 2.5(1.5–3.5) | ||||||
| Frequency of getting information about the baby | z = −1.317 p = 0.188 | z = −1.11 p = 0.267 | z = −0.675 p = 0.5 | z = −0.708 p = 0.479 | z = −0.731 p = 0.465 | z = −0.236 p = 0.813 | ||||||
| Every day | 2.47(1.29–3.41) | 2.86(1–4) | 2.6(1–4) | 2.38(1.13–3.88) | 2.33(1–3.83) | 2.25(1.25–3.5) | ||||||
| Every few days-once a week | 2.37(1.87–2.89) | 2.43(1.57–3.57) | 2.6(1.6–3.4) | 2.25(1.38–3.75) | 2.17(1.33–3.5) | 2.5(1–3.5) | ||||||
| Seeing the baby last | z = −1.219 p = 0.223 | z = −1.716 p = 0.086 | z = −0.73 p = 0.465 | z = −0.005 p = 0.996 | z = −0.417 p = 0.677 | z = −1.352 p = 0.177 | ||||||
| During birth | 2.49(1.58–3.41) | 3(1.71–3.86) | 2.6(1.4–3.6) | 2.38(1.13–3.88) | 2.17(1–3.83) | 2.5(1.25–3.5) | ||||||
| Video call | 2.42(1.29–2.99) | 2.57(1–4) | 2.5(1–4) | 2.25(1.13–3.88) | 2.17(1.33–3.5) | 2.25(1–3.5) | ||||||
r: Spearman Correlation coefficient, z: Mann-Whitney U test z statistic, K= Kruskal-Wallis test test statistic.