Table 3.

Types and examples of methodological gaps for nanotechnology-enabled health products

Type of the gap	Complete gaps	Partial gaps (material-specific)	Partial gaps (method validation)	Partial gaps (sector of applicability)
Description	No methods available	Existing standardised methods are applicable for certain types of nanomaterials only	Methods are available, but they are not standardised	Standardised methods are available in other sectors
Examples of methodological gaps	Quantification of large API such as nucleic acids	Determination of protein corona composition	Evaluation of the interaction with the immune system	Endotoxin measurement

API active pharmaceutical ingredient