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. 2022 Feb 22;48(4):3327–3338. doi: 10.1007/s00068-022-01906-1

Table 4.

Multivariable in-hospital outcomes of surgical stabilization of rib fractures versus nonoperative treatment in patients with a flail chest and moderate to severe traumatic brain injury

Outcome Multivariable analysis
Crude analysis Adjusted analysis
Na Beta or OR (95% CI) p value Na Beta or OR (95% CI) p value
Ventilator-free days 221 1.25 (− 2.85 to 5.35) 0.547 221 − 0.28 (− 4.91 to 4.35) 0.905
ICU LOS 221 − 2.72 (− 5.21 to − 0.23) 0.033 221 − 2.96 (− 5.70 to − 0.23) 0.034
HLOS 221 − 1.76 (− 6.82 to 3.30) 0.494 221 − 3.36 (− 8.97 to 2.26) 0.240
Pneumonia 221 0.62 (0.36 to 1.08) 0.089 221 0.75 (0.39 to 1.43) 0.382
Motor GCS score recovery to 6 206 4.50 (1.90 to 10.68) 0.001 206 3.98 (1.40 to 11.33) 0.010
In-hospital mortality 221 0.35 (0.15 to 0.86) 0.021 221 0.39 (0.12 to 1.26) 0.114
30-day mortality 221 0.37 (0.15 to 0.90) 0.028 221 0.40 (0.12 to 1.29) 0.126

The multivariable analysis shows the effect of SSRF over nonoperative treatment. In the adjusted analysis, BMI, COPD, the number of fractured ribs, chest tube requirement, and presence of intracranial hypertension were entered as covariate

BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval, COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, HLOS hospital length of stay, ICU LOS intensive care unit length of stay, mGCS motor Glasgow Coma Scale, OR odds ratio

Data are shown as odds ratio (OR; categorical outcome) or beta (continuous outcome) with 95% confidence interval. Bold and underlined p values are considered statistically significant.

aProvides the exact number of patients for whom data were available