Table 2.

Time trend analysis of ASMR for cancer attributable to high body mass index from 1990 to 2019 by sex, SDI, and GBD region.

Sex/SDI/GBD region	Trend 1		Trend 2		Trend 3		AAPC
	Period	APC	Period	APC	Period	APC
Overall	1990–1994	1.7 (1.2, 2.3)	1994–2001	0.9 (0.6, 1.2)	2001–2019	0.3 (0.2, 0.3)	0.6 (0.5, 0.7)
Sex
Male	1990–1994	2.4 (1.9, 2.9)	1994–2000	1.4 (1.1, 1.8)	2000–2019	0.6 (0.5, 0.6)	1.0 (0.9, 1.1)
Female	1990–2004	0.7 (0.6, 0.8)	2003–2014	−0.2 (−0.3, 0)	2014–2019	0.4 (0, 0.8)	0.3 (0.2, 0.4)
SDI
Low SDI	1990–1997	1.0 (0.8, 1.2)	1997–2011	2.4 (2.3, 2.5)	2011–2019	2.7 (2.5, 2.9)	2.1(2.0, 2.2)
Low-middle SDI	1990–2007	2.8 (2.7, 2.8)	2007–2010	2.0 (−0.4, 4.5)	2010–2019	3.0 (2.8, 3.2)	2.8 (2.5, 3.0)
Middle SDI	1990–2001	2.2 (2.1, 2.3)	2001–2016	0.9 (0.9, 1.0)	2016–2019	1.9 (1.2, 2.5)	1.5 (1.4, 1.6)
High-middle SDI	1990–1994	2.4 (1.8, 3.1)	1994–2004	0.3 (0.2, 0.5)	2004–2019	0 (−0.1, 0.1)	0.5 (0.4, 0.6)
High SDI	1990–2001	1.1 (1.0, 1.1)	2001–2017	−0.2 (−0.2, −0.1)	2017–2019	0.9 (−0.2, 1.9)	0.4 (0.3, 0.4)
Region
Central Asia	1990–1994	1.3 (0.5, 2.2)	1994–2000	−2.0 (−2.6, −1.5)	2000–2019	1.1 (1.0, 1.2)	0.5 (0.3, 0.7)
Central Europe	1990–2001	0.8 (0.7, 0.9)	2001–2008	1.3 (1.0, 1.6)	2008–2019	0.1 (0, 0.3)	0.7 (0.6, 0.8)
Eastern Europe	1990–1994	6.0 (4.0, 8.1)	1994–1997	−3.4 (−9.1, 2.5)	1997–2019	0.8 (0.6, 0.9)	1.0 (0.4, 1.7)
Australasia	1990–1996	1.2 (0.9, 1.5)	1996–2017	0.1 (0.1, 0.2)	2017–2019	0.8 (−1.0, 2.7)	0.4 (0.3, 0.6)
High-income Asia Pacific	1990–2000	1.7 (1.6–1.8)	2000–2017	−1.2 (−1.3, −1.2)	2017–2019	1.3 (−0.3, 3.1)	−0.1 (−0.2, 0.1)
High-income North America	1990–1995	2.0 (1.7, 2.2)	1995–2002	1.1 (0.9, 1.3)	2002–2019	0.3 (0.2, 0.3)	0.8 (0.7, 0.8)
Southern Latin America	1990–2002	1.7 (1.5, 1.8)	2002–2014	−0.5 (−0.6, −0.4)	2014–2019	1.1 (0.6, 1.6)	0.7 (0.6, 0.8)
Western Europe	1990–2002	1.0 (0.9, 1.0)	2002–2016	−0.4 (−0.5, −0.4)	2016–2019	0.2 (−0.4, 0.7)	0.2 (0.1, 0.3)
Andean Latin America	1990–2001	0.9 (0.6, 1.2)	2001–2011	2.0 (1.5, 2.4)	2011–2019	0.6 (0.1, 1.1)	1.2 (1.0, 1.4)
Caribbean	1990–2000	−0.7 (−0.9, −0.4)	2000–2005	2.4 (1.4, 3.5)	2005–2019	1.7 (1.6, 1.9)	1.0 (0.8, 1.2)
Central Latin America	1990–1995	0.9 (0,4 1.4)	1995–2011	0.7 (0.6, 0.8)	2011–2019	1.4 (1.1, 1.7)	0.9 (0.8, 1.0)
Tropical Latin America	1990–2004	2.0 (1.9, 2.1)	2004–2013	1.0 (0.8, 1.2)	2013–2019	0 (−0.3, 0.3)	1.3 (1.2, 1.4)
North Africa and Middle East	1990–2002	0.8 (0.6, 0.9)	2002–2011	2.6 (2.4, 2.9)	2011–2019	1.5 (1.2, 1.8)	1.5 (1.4, 1.7)
South Asia	1990–2005	4.6 (4.3, 4.8)	2005–2011	1.3 (0.1, 2.6)	2011–2019	3.6 (3.0, 4.2)	3.6 (3.3, 3.9)
East Asia	1990–2001	2.3 (2.1, 2.4)	2001–2016	0 (0, 0.1)	2016–2019	3.3 (2.4, 4.3)	1.2 (1.1, 1.3)
Oceania	1990–2004	1.6 (1.5, 1.7)	2004–2013	−0.2 (−0.4, 0)	2013–2019	1.11 (0.9, 1,4)	0.9 (0.9, 1.0)
Southeast Asia	1990–1996	4.0 (3.5, 4.5)	1996–2014	3.4 (3.3, 3.5)	2014–2019	2.7 (2.1, 3.3)	3.4 (3.3, 3.6)
Central Sub-Saharan Africa	1990–1996	−0.1 (−0.6, 0.4)	1996–2008	−2.0 (−2.2, −1.9)	2008–2019	3.3 (3.1, 3.5)	0.4 (0.2, 0.5)
Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa	1990–1995	0.4 (0.1, 0.7)	1995–2001	2.2 (1.9, 2.6)	2001–2019	3.2 (3.2, 3.3)	2.5 (2.4, 2.6)
Southern Sub-Saharan Africa	1990–1995	3.6 (2.3, 5.0)	1995–1998	8.3 (2.2, 14.8)	1998–2019	−0.2 (−0.4, −0.1)	1.3 (0.7, 1.9)
Western Sub-Saharan Africa	1990–2007	2.8 (2.7, 2.9)	2007–2013	3.2 (2.8, 3.6)	2013–2019	2.2 (1.9, 2.5)	2.8 (2.7, 2.9)

AAPC, average annual percentage change; APC, annual percentage change; ASMR, age-standardized mortality rate; SDI, sociodemographic index.