Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 stratified by fecal calprotectin level

Characteristics	Total (n = 44)	FC-negative (< 50) (n = 26)	FC-positive (≥ 50) (n = 18)	P-value
Gender				0.241
Male	23 (52.3%)	16 (61.5%)	7 (38.9%)
Female	21 (47.7%)	10 (38.5%)	11 (61.1%)
Age (years)	48.7 ± 14.2	47.8 ± 13.9	49.9 ± 14.8	0.573
18–59	32 (72.7%)	19 (73.1%)	13 (72.2%)
≥ 60	12 (27.3%)	7 (26.9%)	5 (27.8%)
Any comorbidity*	26 (59.1%)	16 (61.5%)	10 (55.6%)	0.932
Hypertension	18 (40.9%)	12 (46.2%)	6 (33.3%)	0.590
Diabetes Mellitus	22 (50%)	13 (50%)	9 (50%)	1.000
Respiratory symptoms*
Fever	31 (70.5%)	18 (69.2%)	13 (72.2%)	1.000
Cough	33 (75%)	19 (73.1%)	14 (77.8%)	1.000
Dyspnea	30 (68.2%)	18 (69.2%)	12 (66.7%)	1.000
Anosmia	4 (9.1%)	3 (11.5%)	1 (5.6%)	0.634
Gastrointestinal symptoms*
Nausea	17 (38.6%)	1 (3.8%)	16 (88.9%)	< 0.001
Vomiting	13 (29.5%)	0 (0%)	13 (72.2%)	< 0.001
Diarrhea	14 (31.8%)	1 (3.8%)	13 (72.2%)	< 0.001
Abdominal pain	5 (11.4%)	1 (3.8%)	4 (22.2%)	0.142
Decreased appetite	28 (63.6%)	13 (50%)	15 (83.3%)	0.052
Laboratory findings
Leukocyte (/µL)	10 113.4 ± 4471.21	9465.8 ± 2802.4	11 048.9 ± 6119.6	0.775
Thrombocyte (/µL)	335 227.3 ± 135 671.3	345 884.6 ± 135 865.9	319 833.3 ± 137 793.6	0.537
NLR	7.5 ± 8.2	6.3 ± 3.3	9.33 ± 12.12	0.567
Ferritin (ng/ml)	761.3 ± 664.3	774.5 ± 669.6	739.8 ± 676.8	0.736
D-Dimer (ng/ml)	4469.4 ± 8327.3	4536.7 ± 8048.8	4372.2 ± 8950.5	0.384
CRP (mg/L)	1.9 ± 2.4	1.6 ± 1.7	2.6 ± 3.2	0.952

^*Each patient might have more than one comorbidity or symptom. NLR neutrophil-to-leukocyte ratio, CRP C-reactive protein. Data are presented as numbers (percentages) or mean ± standard deviation (SD). Bold font indicates statistical significance at the P-value < 0.05