TABLE 3.

Changes in outcome parameters stratified by sex and age.

Variable	Male	Female	p-value1	Age < 40 years	Age ≥ 40 years	p-value1
Anthropometrics
Body mass index (kg/m2)	−0.1 (−0.5–0.2)	−0.2 (−0.6–0.2)	0.651	−0.2 (−0.6–0.2)	−0.2 (−0.6–0.1)	0.566
Waist circumference (cm)	1 (−4–4)	−1 (−4–3)	0.733	−1 (−4–2.9)	−2 (−4–3)	0.829
Waist-hip ratio	0.6 (−2.4–1.9)	−1.0 (−4.1–2.0)	0.548	−1.0 (−4.1–1.7)	−0.9 (−3.7–2.9)	0.777
Waist-to-height ratio	0.6 (−2.4–1.9)	−0.9 (−2.6–1.5)	0.675	−0.5 (−2.5–1.4)	−1.2 (−2.7–1.7)	0.739
Body composition
Body fat percentage (%)	−0.3 (−1.6–0.4)	−0.6 (−1.3–0.1)	0.969	−0.6 (−1.3–0.2)	−0.6 (−1.3–0.1)	0.510
Muscle weight (kg)	0.5 (0.1–1.3)	0.2 (−0.3–0.6)	0.105	0.2 (−0.3–0.6)	0.3 (−0.2–0.7)	0.158
Visceral fat area (came)	−1.0 (−8.0–4.0)	−3.0 (−7.0–0.0)	0.157	−2.0 (−0.2–0.7)	−4.0 (−8.0–1.0)	0.281
Physical fitness
Grip strength (kg)	1.0 (−1.5–4.0)	−2.0 (−3.0–2.0)	0.642	0.0 (−1.0–2.0)	0.0 (−2.0–2.0)	0.820
High jump (cm)	0.0 (−3.0–8.0)	2.0 (−1.0–4.0)	0.721	2.0 (−1.0–4.0)	1.0 (−2.0–4.0)	0.776
Sit-up (count)	3 (−1–5)	2 (0–4)	0.484	2 (0–4)	2 (0–5)	0.858
Sit-and-reach (cm)	−0.8 (−1.2–5.0)	0.1 (−1.9–2.2)	0.345	0.0 (−1.7–2.1)	0.0 (−2.2–3.0)	0.746
Step test	3.7 (−1.4–7.5)	2.0 (−2.6–6.3)	0.332	2.2 (−2.1–6.2)	2.0 (−3.1–6.6)	0.906

Data are summarized as median change (interquartile range). ¹The difference in change (post-intervention minus pre-intervention) between weight or shiftwork subgroups obtained from generalized estimating equation analyses adjusted for sex, age, profession, and/or shiftwork status. The difference in change (post-intervention minus pre-intervention) between sex or age subgroups obtained from generalized estimating equation analyses adjusted for age, BMI at pre-intervention, profession, and shiftwork status.