2. Study results for Santana‐Sosa 2014.
| Variable | Group | Pretraining | Post‐training | Detraininga | P value | Comments |
| Age (mean (SEM)) years | Intervention | 11 (1) | — | — | — | — |
| Control | 10 (1) | — | — | — | ||
| Sex (% boys) | Intervention | 60 | — | — | — | — |
| Control | 60 | — | — | — | ||
| VO2 peak (mean (95% CI) mL/min per kg bodyweight | Intervention | N/A | 6.9 (3.4 to 10.5) | ‒1.5 (‒2.7 to ‒0.4) | < 0.001 | Significantly higher in controls at baseline (P = 0.034). |
| Control | N/A | N/A | N/A | |||
| Leg press (mean (SEM)) kg | Intervention | 62.5 (6.5) | 89.5 (9.3) | 88.6 (9.2) | < 0.001 | Higher in controls at baseline (P = 0.046). |
| Control | 45.2 (4.7) | 43.9 (5.1) | 43.9 (5.4) | |||
| Bench press (mean (SEM)) kg | Intervention | 26.4 (2.7) | 38.4 (3.2) | 35.9 (2.9) | < 0.001 | — |
| Control | 23.2 (2.9) | 21.6 (3.2) | 21.7 (3.6) | |||
| Lateral row (mean (SEM)) kg | Intervention | 30.5 (3.6) | 43.0 (4.2) | 35.9 (2.9) | < 0.001 | — |
| Control | 23.2 (3.0) | 22.0 (3.1) | 21.7 (3.6) | |||
| Oxygen saturation at peak exercise (mean (SEM)) % | Intervention | 94.7 (0.7) | 94.5 (0.7) | 93.1 (0.8) | N/A | — |
| Control | 96.4 (0.4) | 96.2 (0.5) | 96.1 (0.6) | |||
| FEV1 (mean (SEM)) L | Intervention | 1.65 (0.19) | 1.74 (0.23) | 1.69 (0.24) | 0.486 | — |
| Control | 1.57 (0.26) | 1.55 (0.26) | 1.59 (0.26) | |||
| FVC (mean (SEM)) L | Intervention | 2.23 (0.27) | 2.34 (0.29) | 2.28 (0.28) | 0.156 | — |
| Control | 1.90 (0.33) | 1.85 (0.32) | 1.92 (0.32) | |||
| PImax (mean (SEM)) cmH2O | Intervention | 68.3 (6.3) | 107.6 (8.4) | 103.2 (8.1) | < 0.001 | — |
| Control | 69.5 (9.7) | 71.8 (10.0) | 66.7 (9.4) | |||
| HRQoL score (median (range)) | Intervention | 629 (505–701) | 688 (609–791) | — | 0.071 | HRQoL was assessed before and after the intervention. |
| Control | 636 (626–745) | 638 (626–737) | — | |||
| Weight (mean (SEM)) kg | Intervention | 36.4 (3.1) | 37.8 (3.2) | 38.3 (3.1) | 0.342 | — |
| Control | 31.5 (4.6) | 32.4 (4.7) | 32.7 (4.5) | |||
| Fat‐free mass (mean (SEM)) % of total | Intervention | 81.6 (1.3) | 82.6 (1.0) | 82.5 (1.0) | 0.001 | — |
| Control | 82.9 (1.8) | 82.8 (1.8) | 82.5 (1.9) | |||
| Body fat (mean (SEM)) % of total | Intervention | 18.4 (1.3) | 17.4 (1.2) | 17.5 (1.1) | 0.023 | — |
| Control | 17.1 (1.8) | 17.2 (1.8) | 17.5 (1.9) | |||
| Compliance with physical training (mean (SEM)) % | Intervention | — | 97.5 (1.7) | — | — | 70% of children completed all training sessions. |
| Control | — | — | — | |||
| Adverse effects | Intervention | — | — | — | — | No adverse effects occurred during training or exercise testing. |
| Control | — | — | — |
aDescribed in the original papers as "detraining" but corresponding to our definition of 'off training'.
CI: confidence interval; FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC: forced vital capacity; HRQoL: health‐related quality of life; N/A: not applicable; PImax: maximum inspiratory mouth pressure; SEM: standard error of the mean; VO2 peak: peak oxygen consumption.