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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Aug 9.
Published in final edited form as: West J Nurs Res. 2020 Sep 10;43(5):468–477. doi: 10.1177/0193945920954782

Table 4.

Inter-coder Within-pair Reliability (PABAK) for Internal and External Coders at Specified Intervals

Coder Pairs Study Site
Minnesota Case Western Vanderbilt Stanford
Internal Coders
 1% -10% .74 .68 .63 .83
 11% -50% .74 .54 .44 .81
 51% -100% .83 .80 .59 .76
External Coders (Pair 1)
 1% -10% .69 .67 - -
 11% -50% .76 .85 - -
 51% -100% .81 .83 - -
External Coders (Pair 2)
 1%-10% - - .85 .85
 11%-50% - - .81 .85
 51%-100% - - .85 .94

Note. PABAK = Prevalence and Bias-adjusted Kappa