Summary of findings 2. Subgroup ‐ outcome*.
| Clinical (N studies, N population) | Safety | Immunogenicity | ||||||||||||||
| Subgroup | SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, any | SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, asymptomatic | SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, symptomatic | SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, hospitalisation | SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, mortality | Adverse events (any) | Serious adverse events | Specific adverse events | Seroconversion (binding Ab) | Seroconversion (neutralising Ab) | IgG titre | IgM titre | IgA titre | Neutralising Ab titre | B‐cell response, other | T‐cell response |
| Solid tumours | 11 (167,485) | 4 (1003) | 3 (96,584) | 8 (174,587) | 6 (166,084) | 23 (5645) | 10 (2227) | 4 (1187) | 30 (7851) | 8 (1466) | 27 (5778) | 1 (141) | 1 (141) | 10 (1409) | 1 (136) | 4 (807) |
| Haematological malignancies | 16 (37,390) | 2 (320) | 2 (32,294) | 7 (38,206) | 5 (35,278) | 17 (3154) | 10 (2125) | 3 (226) | 39 (8133) | 15 (2553) | 35 (6669) | 4 (736) | 3 (576) | 19 (3401) | 1 (123) | 9 (1459) |
| Haematological malignancies, stem cell transplant | 9 (1379) | 1 (113) | 1 (113) | 3 (437) | 4 (457) | 15 (1818) | 8 (1287) | 4 (461) | 16 (1863) | 3 (392) | 18 (2261) | 1 (23) | 1 (23) | 6 (699) | 1 (20) | 3 (253) |
| Kidney disease, excluding dialysis | 2 (41,759) | 1 (162) | 1 (162) | 2 (41,759) | 1 (41,597) | 1 (162) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 (144) | 0 (0) | 3 (122) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Dialysis | 17 (179,469) | 4 (5321) | 4 (5622) | 10 (166,727) | 10 (167,721) | 15 (6403) | 9 (3473) | 0 (0) | 41 (181,208) | 9 (5106) | 38 (21,892) | 3 (452) | 3 (381) | 10 (9869) | 0 (0) | 8 (4653) |
| Chronic heart disease | 5 (72,841) | 1 (615) | 3 (71,361) | 3 (72,549) | 2 (71,934) | 5 (1106) | 1 (86) | 0 (0) | 6 (598) | 1 (262) | 5 (577) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (283) | 0 (0) | 1 (262) |
| Liver disease | 4 (40,275) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (40,174) | 2 (40,174) | 4 (574) | 3 (562) | 0 (0) | 4 (241) | 2 (393) | 4 (241) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (393) | 0 (0) | 2 (60) |
| Lung disease | 2 (1939) | 1 (1893) | 1 (1893) | 2 (1997) | 1 (104) | 2 (1939) | 1 (16) | 0 (0) | 3 (380) | 1 (46) | 2 (62) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (46) | 0 (0) | 1 (46) |
| Transplant: kidney | 14 (7922) | 3 (562) | 3 (945) | 7 (5579) | 7 (5703) | 14 (1919) | 7 (746) | 1 (609) | 36 (6815) | 5 (802) | 36 (7492) | 1 (148) | 0 (0) | 12 (2400) | 0 (0) | 9 (2786) |
| Transplant: heart | 2 (150) | 1 (23) | 0 (0) | 1 (23) | 1 (23) | 4 (253) | 3 (237) | 1 (46) | 8 (474) | 1 (16) | 9 (540) | 1 (46) | 0 (0) | 4 (207) | 0 (0) | 2 (62) |
| Transplant: liver | 3 (184) | 1 (56) | 0 (0) | 1 (56) | 1 (56) | 4 (165) | 4 (166) | 1 (58) | 11 (765) | 1 (11) | 12 (843) | 1 (58) | 0 (0) | 4 (158) | 0 (0) | 3 (207) |
| Transplant: other or mixed | 7 (51,842) | 0 (0) | 2 (2708) | 4 (4799) | 4 (51,596) | 7 (1296) | 3 (197) | 1 (89) | 9 (1652) | 2 (171) | 10 (2452) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 (257) | 0 (0) | 2 (75) |
| HIV/AIDS | 3 (2197) | 0 (0) | 1 (4) | 1 (2103) | 1 (2103) | 5 (497) | 3 (350) | 1 (90) | 8 (740) | 2 (243) | 9 (1405) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 (436) | 0 (0) | 2 (243) |
| Multiple sclerosis | 2 (1308) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (753) | 0 (0) | 6 (2256) | 3 (1332) | 6 (2256) | 11 (3380) | 0 (0) | 12 (3510) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3 (603) |
| Inflammatory bowel disease | 5 (36,955) | 2 (4483) | 2 (4483) | 2 (26,910) | 2 (26,910) | 5 (6720) | 2 (424) | 4 (6474) | 9 (7397) | 3 (369) | 9 (7397) | 0 (0) | 1 (58) | 4 (805) | 0 (0) | 1 (4047) |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3 (752) | 1 (189) | 4 (6245) | 3 (458) | 1 (129) | 3 (458) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (129) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 6 (1742) | 2 (149) | 6 (1742) | 3 (168) | 1 (126) | 3 (168) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (126) | 1 (126) | 2 (145) |
| Psoriasis | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 (1401) | 0 (0) | 4 (1401) | 2 (152) | 1 (101) | 2 (152) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (101) | 0 (0) | 1 (101) |
| Mixed rheumatoid diseases | 7 (37,940) | 2 (1034) | 3 (1944) | 8 (42,916) | 5 (36,757) | 15 (10,613) | 6 (2587) | 9 (7384) | 14 (5416) | 3 (1678) | 12 (5208) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 (1801) | 1 (82) | 2 (182) |
| Other autoimmune diseases | 2 (79) | 0 (0) | 1 (26) | 2 (6433) | 0 (0) | 8 (1628) | 0 (0) | 3 (1125) | 7 (519) | 1 (53) | 6 (493) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3 (346) | 1 (133) | 1 (17) |
| Other | 6 (131,575) | 2 (10,756) | 3 (38,578) | 7 (144,720) | 6 (142,283) | 12 (17,855) | 6 (13,905) | 10 (3318) | 4 (441) | 1 (284) | 5 (649) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3 (431) | 0 (0) | 1 (24) |
| Abbreviations: Ab: antibody; Ig: immunoglobulin, SARS‐CoV‐2: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 | ||||||||||||||||
| An interactive evidence gap map is available at egmopenaccess.3ieimpact.org/evidence-maps/scoping-review-covid-19-vaccines-duplicated-subgroups (studies are represented as intervention ‐ outcome table, but can be filtered according to subgroup due to duplication of subgroups with multiple patient groups; multicountry studies cannot be filtered; the labelling g + number are artefacts from duplicating a study for representing the subgroups and can be ignored). | ||||||||||||||||
*The overall number of studies was 287, excluding studies on pregnant and lactating women due to a different outcome set.