Table 3.
Univariate and multivariate Cox-proportional hazard models exploring the role of independent predictors for the time to reach the main outcome (first occurrence of death and/or endotracheal intubation) during the acute phase of the disease
| Univariate | Multivariate | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | Lower | Upper | p value | HR | Lower | Upper | p value | |
| nHGS (each 0.5 kg/Kg2/3 decrease) | 2.47 | 1.06 | 5.79 | 0.03 | 1.99 | 1.01 | 3.91 | 0.03 |
| Age (years) | 1.28 | 0.88 | 1.86 | 0.19 | – | – | – | – |
| Male sex | 1.02 | 0.42 | 2.51 | 0.95 | – | – | – | – |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | 1.03 | 0.95 | 1.11 | 0.48 | – | – | – | – |
| Previous CV disease | 6.63 | 2.47 | 17.85 | < 0.01 | 3.89 | 1.14 | 13.24 | < 0.01 |
| eGFR (each 10 mL/min/1.73m2 decrease) | 1.32 | 1.08 | 1.71 | 0.01 | 1.30 | 1.03 | 1.64 | 0.03 |
| Hypertension | 2.06 | 0.72 | 5.95 | 0.18 | – | – | – | – |
| Diabetes mellitus | 4.63 | 1.60 | 13.4 | < 0.01 | – | – | – | – |
| PaO2/FiO2 ratio (each 10 unit decrease) | 1.08 | 1.01 | 1.17 | 0.035 | – | – | – | – |
All the listed variables were included in the multivariate model. The adjusted hazard ratio of variables independently associated with the main outcome were reported in terms of hazard ratio (HR), 95% confidence intervals (lower, upper), and p value. HR of variables not significantly associated with the main outcome in the multivariate model were not reported. nHGS handgrip strength normalized to weight2/3, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, BMI body mass index. CV cardiovascular, PaO2/FiO2 partial oxygen pressure/fraction of inspired oxygen