Table 1.
Within-group body composition, anthropometric, and biochemical measurements data at baseline and after 12 weeks
| Variable | Matcha tea (n = 16) | Control (n = 18) | Post-treatment p-value |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | After 12 weeks | p-value | Baseline | After 12 weeks | p-value | ||
| Body composition and anthropometric measurements | |||||||
| Weight, kg | 97.4 (22.9) | 86.8 (20.3) | < 0.0001 | 100.6 (19.4) | 90.3 (17.6) | < 0.0001 | 0.600 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 35.7 (5.5) | 31.8 (4.7) | < 0.0001 | 36.9 (4.4) | 33.2 (4.3) | < 0.0001 | 0.386 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 114.3 (16.4) | 103.7 (16.1) | < 0.0001 | 116.4 (13.2) | 104.9 (12.1) | < 0.0001 | 0.800 |
| Water, L | 39.4 (9.9) | 38.1 (9.4) | 0.002 | 40.4 (9.2) | 39.2 (9.2) | 0.002 | 0.738 |
| Protein, kg | 10.4 (2.8) | 10.2 (2.6) | 0.014 | 10.3 (2.6) | 10.2 (2.5) | 0.263 | 0.991 |
| Minerals, kg | 4.1 (1.1) | 3.8 (1.0) | 0.001 | 4.5 (1.2) | 4.2 (1.1) | < 0.0001 | 0.286 |
| Fat mass, kg | 43.4 (11.9) | 34.7 (10.7) | < 0.0001 | 45.3 (10.3) | 36.7 (9.6) | < 0.0001 | 0.568 |
| Lipid profile of study participants | |||||||
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 176.6 (39.2) | 175.6 (39.6) | 0.817 | 194.6 (28.3) | 183.4 (25.5) | 0.107 | 0.490 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 115.4 (77.4) | 101.2 (42.7) | 0.265 | 101.9 (32.5) | 99.8 (38.1) | 0.717 | 0.920 |
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mg/dL | 113.5 (34.8) | 112.4 (35.1) | 0.753 | 136.3 (26.6) | 125.3 (24.9) | 0.047 | 0.221 |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mg/dL | 43.9 (13.1) | 46.1 (11.3) | 0.105 | 41.3 (9.5) | 41.4 (7.5) | 0.980 | 0.155 |
| Complete blood count with the differential of study participants | |||||||
| Red blood cells, million/mm3 | 5.1 (0.7) | 5.0 (0.7) | 0.519 | 5.0 (0.5) | 5.0 (0.6) | 0.722 | 0.961 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 14.3 (1.9) | 13.7 (1.9) | 0.065 | 13.7 (2.6) | 13.7 (2.3) | 0.810 | 0.730 |
| Hematocrit, % | 41.5 (4.8) | 41.6 (5.3) | 0.877 | 40.6 (6.7) | 41.0 (6.0) | 0.526 | 0.748 |
| Mean corpuscular volume, fL | 80.3 (10.1) | 83.2 (5.4) | 0.233 | 81.7 (8.7) | 81.7 (7.8) | 0.925 | 0.534 |
| Mean corpuscular hemoglobin, pg | 28.4 (2.7) | 27.8 (2.2) | 0.060 | 27.3 (3.7) | 27.4 (3.4) | 0.774 | 0.647 |
| Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, % | 34.3 (1.3) | 33.5 (0.7) | 0.025 | 33.5 (1.4) | 33.4 (1.1) | 0.466 | 0.747 |
| Red cell distribution width, % | 14.1 (1.7) | 14.2 (1.4) | 0.656 | 14.6 (2.1) | 15.0 (2.6) | 0.104 | 0.260 |
| White blood cells, thousand/mm3 | 7.6 (1.7) | 7.2 (1.4) | 0.386 | 7.1 (2.0) | 6.9 (1.7) | 0.655 | 0.610 |
| Neutrophils, cells/mm3 | 58.2 (11.4) | 55.3 (6.3) | 0.113 | 58.8 (7.2) | 54.2 (7.9) | 0.065 | 0.648 |
| Lymphocytes, cells/mm3 | 32.4 (9.4) | 35.7 (5.7) | 0.046 | 32.2 (6.7) | 37.2 (7.7) | 0.052 | 0.515 |
| Monocytes, cells/mm3 | 7.1 (1.8) | 6.7 (1.3) | 0.383 | 6.8 (1.8) | 6.6 (1.4) | 0.675 | 0.867 |
| Eosinophils, cells/mm3 | 2.1 (1.9) | 1.8 (1.5) | 0.352 | 1.9 (1.6) | 1.9 (1.7) | 0.816 | 0.889 |
| Basophils, cells/mm3 | 0.7 (2.0) | 0.6 (0.6) | 0.827 | 0.2 (0.4) | 0.1 (0.3) | 0.668 | 0.012 |
| Platelets, thousand/mm3 | 288.0 (59.2) | 276.8 (42.0) | 0.205 | 314.4 (103.3) | 286.9 (89.0) | 0.009 | 0.682 |
| Mean platelet volume, fL | 9.0 (1.2) | 9.0 (0.8) | 0.718 | 9.2 (1.3) | 8.9 (0.9) | 0.262 | 0.839 |
| Metabolic profile | |||||||
| Fasting blood glucose, mg/dL | 91.0 (9.9) | 85.2 (9.2) | 0.004 | 88.1 (13.2) | 83.8 (8.5) | 0.211 | 0.659 |
| Glycemic control | |||||||
| Hemoglobin A1c, % | 5.0 (0.4) | 5.2 (0.4) | 0.004 | 5.1 (0.4) | 5.2 (0.2) | 0.134 | 0.845 |
| Obesity-related hormones | |||||||
| Insulin, mIU/L | 13.8 (8.9) | 11.3 (7.8) | 0.163 | 10.2 (6.9) | 10.7 (4.3) | 0.698 | 0.785 |
| Leptin, ng/mL | 3.9 (1.7) | 3.0 (1.2) | 0.079 | 2.3 (1.1) | 2.0 (0.8) | 0.285 | 0.005 |
| Anti-inflammatory cytokines | |||||||
| Interleukin-6, pg/mL | 5.2 (2.6) | 5.1 (3.0) | 0.761 | 5.4 (3.0) | 7.2 (6.5) | 0.152 | 0.236 |
| Interleukin-10, pg/mL | 8.0 (0.8) | 10.2 (0.7) | < 0.0001 | 7.8 (1.3) | 7.7 (1.30) | 0.589 | < 0.0001 |
| Oxidative stress biomarkers | |||||||
| Superoxide dismutase, inhibition % | 63.03 (17.8) | 72.0 (11.8) | 0.086 | 66.6 (11.5) | 73.7 (9.0) | 0.108 | 0.644 |
| Catalase, nmol/min/mL | 22.6 (9.7) | 24.7 (12.0) | 0.524 | 19.8 (8.8) | 23.4 (11.7) | 0.305 | 0.755 |
| Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, µM | 115.4 (32.0) | 107.3 (32.3) | 0.482 | 112.5 (18.3) | 96.6 (21.6) | 0.030 | 0.269 |
| Glutathione peroxidase, nmol/min/mL | 8.8 (5.0) | 6.4 (1.4) | 0.098 | 9.3 (4.2) | 8.5 (4.4) | 0.367 | 0.168 |
Data are presented as a mean with a standard deviation in parenthesis. Bold values indicate significant differences (p < 0.05)