7. Comparison 2: Overview of Synthesis and Included Studies (OSIS).
Study name (year) | Study design (individual vs stepped‐wedge vs cluster‐randomised [and unit of randomisation, if applicable]) | Country of conduct | Overall risk of bias (arranged low to high) | Key details of intervention (% KCl, LSSS implementation [discretionary, non‐discretionary, both], quantity, provided or purchased, co‐interventions [education, advice]) | Key details of the comparator (implementation [discretionary, non‐discretionary, both], quantity, provided or household supply, co‐interventions [education, advice]) |
Population (No. of participants randomised [intervention/control], age, gender, hypertensive status, anti‐hypertensive medication use, BMI) |
Outcome domains with available data (synthesis method/metric) | Specific outcomes measure | Time point of measurement |
Toft 2020 | Cluster‐randomised (families) | Denmark | Unclear | < 30% KCl LSSS (per 100 g: approximately 8000 mg sodium; 870 mg Mg and 100 mg‐200 mg K estimated from the technical data sheet) Non‐discretionary use (LSSS bread products to replace usual consumption), provided to families twice a week Co‐interventions NR |
Regular salt Non‐discretionary use (regular wholegrain bread products for usual consumption), provided to families twice a week Co‐interventions NR |
40/52 9.5 (4.2)/8.4 (3.5) years Female, %: 47.5/48.1 Normotensive N/A 18.0 (2.9)/16.9 (2.8) kg/m2 |
Change in blood pressure Change in BMI 24‐h urinary excretion |
1. Change in DBP 2. Change in SBP 3. Change in BMI 4. 24‐h urinary sodium excretion 5. 24‐h urinary potassium excretion |
1. 4 months 2. 4 months 3. 4 months 4. 4 months 5. 4 months |
Abbreviations: 24‐h: 24‐hour BMI: body mass index DBP: diastolic blood pressure K(Cl): potassium (chloride) LSSS: low‐sodium salt substitute Mg: magnesium N/A: not applicable NR: not reported