Fig. 1.

Interrelation of intravascular pressures, extravascular lung water and venous stasis indices according to volume status. The relationship between intravascular pressures and volume is curvilinear and affected by cardiac function. Occurrence of extravascular lung water (EVLW) or venous stasis is dependent on volume status but may be precipitated at lower volume status in presence of impaired cardiac function, increased permeability or increased intrathoracic pressures